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Geog 2101: China

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Geog 2101: China

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    1. Geog 2101: China University of Hong Kong Fall Semester Session No. 1 Sept. 2, 2011

    2. Jack F. Williams Michigan State University THE RISE OF CHINA: THE ROAD TO SUPERPOWERDOM?

    3. Two Images of China: Which is the REAL China?

    4. The Rise of China What is a “superpower”? What factors warrant calling a nation a superpower? How many superpowers are there today? Is China a true superpower?

    5. What Constitutes a “Good” Country? 100 Best Countries of the World 1 – Finland 9 – Japan 11 – USA 15 – South Korea 20 – Singapore 59 - China (Newsweek, Aug. 23, 2010) Not ranked: Hong Kong, Taiwan

    6. Most Dynamic Economies (“Populous Nations”) 1 - USA 2 - United Kingdom 3 - Japan 4 - China (Newsweek, 2010)

    7. Is this to be the “Chinese Century”? Comparison with the “Japanese Century” (20th century)

    9. The World’s Ambivalence Toward China The legacy of the Maoist Era Is China’s rise in the post-Mao Era truly peaceful, benign? What really are China’s long-term intentions, goals? Can China be trusted?

    10. Examining Modern China: Critical Eras Traditional China (antiquity to 19th c.) Colonial Era (“Century of Humiliation”) (1840s-1949) People’s Republic of China (PRC) (1949-present) Maoist Era (1949-1976) Reform (post-Mao) Era (1976 to present)

    11. China Under Mao 1949 – Peoples Republic of China (PRC) established ROC fled to Taiwan 1949-1976: The Maoist Era Goals: Socialism The “New China” Autarky (self-reliance)

    12. Maoist Era Scorecard: Disaster Hunger, isolation, falling behind

    13. The Post-Mao (Reform) Era (1976 to present) Regional (External) Goals: Security (Maintaining the territorial integrity of China) Hegemony in Asia Restoration of China’s “place in the sun”

    14. The Post-Mao Era Internal Goals: Economic growth JOBS! Industrialization Feeding China Stability

    15. China: Superpower Indices How to measure “superpowerdom”? GDP Economic growth rate Output of key commodities Trade and investment Military strength Role in key international organizations “Soft power”

    16. (1) China’s Economy GDP (2006) = US$10 trillion (PPP) ($2.5 trillion – official)

    17. (2) Growth of China’s Economy Economy grew at ave. of over 8%/year in last 25 years

    18. China vs. Japan

    19. China vs. USA

    20. (3) China’s Economic Growth China could become the world’s largest economy by 2040

    21. (4) China’s Foreign Trade Foreign trade (2006) = US$1.7 trillion

    22. (5) China’s Output of Commodities: “Workshop” for the World

    23. China vs. USA Auto Production

    24. (6) China’s Steel Industry China the No. 1 steel producer (since late 1990s)

    25. (7) China’s Volume of Consumption Major commodity consumer and importer

    26. (8) China – Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) China now the No. 1 destination in world, estimated at US$500 billion since 1980

    27. (9) China’s Outward FDI China now a growing source of outward investment

    28. (10) China’s Military Power: Large and Growing

    29. Superpowerdom? WHEN CHINA SPEAKS, OTHER NATIONS LISTEN Esp. the USA!

    30. China’s Assets (Strengths) for Superpowerdom (1) Rich fund, flow resource base

    31. Assets (2) Good human resources: Abundant labor supply Well educated Huge domestic market

    32. Assets (3) Strong sense of national and cultural identity Pride in being “Chinese” Pride in China’s accomplishments

    33. 2008 Summer Olympics

    34. Shanghai Expo 2010

    35. Assets (5) Globalization of China: FDI Trade Tourism Education linkages Links with Overseas Chinese Membership in orgs.

    36. China: Internal Obstacles (Weaknesses) for Superpowerdom (1) Overpopulation: Per capita income Employment ‘Floating’ population Regional imbalance

    37. Internal Weaknesses (2) Rising Inequality: Social class divisions Urban vs. rural Regional

    38. Internal Weaknesses (3) Minorities: Separatism (“splittism”) Islamism and the Uigurs Tibet

    39. Internal Weaknesses (4) Environment: Severe pollution Degradation of land, water, air Global emissions

    40. External Obstacles to Superpowerdom (1) Japan Factor: Legacy of WWII and colonial era Territorial disputes US-Japan Security Treaty Who is No. 1 in Asia?

    41. External Obstacles to Superpowerdom (2) Asia Factor: Trade vs. hegemony Replacing Japan as No. 1 South China Sea China vs. India Support of N. Korea

    42. External Obstacles to Superpowerdom (3) American Factor: Containment vs. engagement Human rights Trade Nuclear proliferation TAIWAN

    43. External Obstacles to Superpowerdom (4) Taiwan Factor: Reunification? – the Taiwan SAR? Status quo? – the ROC? Independence? – the Rep. of Taiwan?

    44. China’s Future: Critical Questions and Issues Can China under a Leninist government ever have a truly “normal” relationship with rest of world? Corruption and abuse of power widespread Raw nationalism, grievances over history Lack of moral underpinning in PRC (thus, Falungong movement, Christianity) Does China have a manifest destiny?

    45. The Paradox of China: The End or The Beginning?

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