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Conquest and Expansion: The U.S. Journey Towards Empire and Trade Dominance

Explore the intricate timeline of America's westward expansion and foreign policy from the 19th century to the early 20th century. This analysis delves into the formation of new states, the impact of the Spanish-American War, strategic trade relationships, and the construction of the Panama Canal. We'll examine debates surrounding expansionism and imperialism, highlighting the perspectives of both supporters and opponents, including notable figures such as Theodore Roosevelt and Mark Twain. Discover how ideals of democracy and independence often clashed with realities of control and economic interests.

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Conquest and Expansion: The U.S. Journey Towards Empire and Trade Dominance

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  1. Conquest and Expansion I. Consolidation A. Conquering the West B. The Power of Trade • Debate A. Expansionists B. Anti-Imperialists III. Foreign Policy A. Projecting Force B. Spanish-American War C. The Open Door in China D. The Panama Canal IV. Accidental Empire?

  2. Conquering the West New States • KS (1861) • NV (1864) • NE (1867) • CO (1876) • WA, MN, ND, SD (1889) • ID, WY (1890) • UT (1896) • OK (1907) • Note the locations of reservations

  3. Wounded Knee, 1890 Ghost Dance Chief Bigfoot Mass Grave

  4. Expanding Trade • Reciprocity treaties with: • Hawaii • Mexico • Cuba • Puerto Rico • West Indies • Santo Domingo • El Salvador • Colombia American gunboat in Japan Hiroshige, 1861

  5. Nationalists • Idealism • Frontier • Overproduction • Europe • Gender • Race Theodore Roosevelt, NYC, 1885

  6. Opposition to Empire • Politicians, businessmen, intellectuals, and pacifists • Grover Cleveland, Andrew Carnegie, Jane Addams, Mark Twain, Anna Julia Cooper • Libertarians • Egalitarians • Racists “Another Explosion at Hand.” Joseph Keppler, 1900.

  7. Projecting Force • Offense versus defense The New Navy of the US, 1892

  8. The Spanish-American War, 1898 W.R. Hearst Emilio Aguinaldo Commodore Dewey

  9. Battle for Cuba TR and the Rough Riders Cuban mass grave

  10. The Philippine Insurrection, 1898-99 • U.S. • 4,234 dead • 2,818 wounded • Philippines • 20,000 soldiers and 200,000 civilians dead

  11. Opening China, 1900 • Boxer Rebellion • John Hay • Open Door

  12. The Panama Canal, 1903-13 • Part of Colombia • US foments rebellion • New nation of Panama • 75,000 men, $400 Million

  13. Accidental Empire? • Ideals • Democracy • Independence • Reality • US control

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