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Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases. Acids and Bases. Acids Contains H + Tastes sour Reacts with bases to produce salt and water. Bases Contains OH - Tastes bitter Feels slippery Reacts with acids to produce salt and water. Naming Acids. 2 types of acids Binary acids Made of an H and one other element

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Acids and Bases

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  1. Acids and Bases

  2. Acids and Bases • Acids • Contains H+ • Tastes sour • Reacts with bases to produce salt and water. • Bases • Contains OH- • Tastes bitter • Feels slippery • Reacts with acids to produce salt and water.

  3. Naming Acids • 2 types of acids • Binary acids • Made of an H and one other element • Oxyacids • Made of an H, an O, and one other element

  4. Binary Acids • An acid that starts with an H and has no O • “no O = Hydro” • All binary acids are named Hydro ______ic acid • HCl - Hydrochloric acid • HBr - Hydrobromic acid • Hydrofluoric acid - HF

  5. Oxyacids • An acid that starts with an H and has an O • “If you ate it, it was ickey. If you bite it, it is grous.” • If the negative ion ends in –ate the acid is called ______ic acid. • If the negative ion ends in –ite the acid is called ______ous acid.

  6. Oxyacid examples • HClO3 • Starts with H • Has an O • Look up part that is attached to H on charge sheet • ClO3 is chlorate • Change chlorate to chloric and add acid. • HClO3 is chloric acid

  7. H2SO4 • Starts with H, has an O • SO4 is sulfate • Change sulfate to sulfuric and add acid • H2SO4 is sulfuric acid • HNO3 • Starts with H, has an O • NO3 is nitrate • Change nitrate to nitric and add acid • HNO3 is nitric acid

  8. H3PO3 • PO3 is phosphite • Change phosphite to phosphorous • H3PO3 is phosphorous acid • HC2H3O2 • C2H3O2 is acetate. • HC2H3O2 is acetic acid • HNO2 • NO2 is nitrite • HNO2 is nitrous acid

  9. Now reverse • What is the formula for nitric acid? • Nitric comes from nitrate • NO3-1 has a -1 charge which means 1 H. • HNO3 • Hypochlorous acid • Hypochlorous comes from hypochlorite • ClO-1 means 1 H. • HClO • Phosphoric acid • Phosphoric comes from phosphate • PO4-3 means 3 H’s • H3PO4

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