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Body fluid Abnormalities Microcirculation Edema

Body fluid Abnormalities Microcirculation Edema. Body fluid Abnormalities. 1. Hypo-osmotic dehydration 2. Hypo-osmotic overhydration 3. Hyper-osmotic dehydration 4. Hyper-osmotic overhydration. Hypo-osmotic dehydration. Addison’s disease Overuse of Diuretics Vomiting & diarrhea.

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Body fluid Abnormalities Microcirculation Edema

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  1. Body fluid Abnormalities MicrocirculationEdema

  2. Body fluid Abnormalities 1. Hypo-osmotic dehydration 2. Hypo-osmotic overhydration 3. Hyper-osmotic dehydration 4. Hyper-osmotic overhydration

  3. Hypo-osmotic dehydration • Addison’s disease • Overuse of Diuretics • Vomiting & diarrhea

  4. Addison’s disease / Hyperpigmentation

  5. Hypo-osmotic overhydration Due to excess ADH; • Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) • Ectopic ADH secretion; Bronchogenic cancer

  6. Hyper-osmotic dehydration • Diabetes insipidus (decrease ADH secretion) • Excessive sweating

  7. Hyper-osmotic overhydration • Primary aldosteronism • Cushing’s syndrome

  8. Cushing’s syndrome / Buffalo Hump

  9. Regulation of fluid exchange between body Compartments ICF & ECF; Determined by osmotic effect of solutes across the cell membrane. Plasma & interstitial spaces Colloid osmotic force & hydrostatic force across the capillary membrane.

  10. Starling Equilibrium for capillary exchange

  11. Edema • EC edema (abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space) • IC edema (cell swelling) due to; Depression of cell metabolism Lack of cell nutrition Inflammation

  12. Causes of EC edema • 1. Increased capillary pressure; • Excess kidney retention • High venous pressure • Decreased arteriolar resistance

  13. Causes of EC edema 2. Decreased plasma proteins: • Loss of proteins by nephritic syndrome, burns…. • Failure to produce proteins; liver disease • Starvation (malnutrition)

  14. Malnutrition Kwashiorkor

  15. Causes of EC edema 3. Increased capillary permeability; • Immune reactions • Infections • Toxins

  16. Causes of EC edema 4. Lymphatic blockage: • After Radical mastectomy • After Radiation therapy • Filariasis/ Elephantiasis (WuchereriaBancrofti)

  17. Filariasis/ Elephantiasis

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