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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. ORAL CAVITY. Oral cavity consists of the mouth and its structures, which include the tongue, teeth and their supporting structures ( periodontium ), major and minor salivary glands, and tonsils. Divided into vestibule and oral cavity proper . MUCOSA.

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

  2. ORAL CAVITY • Oral cavity consists of the mouth and its structures, which include the tongue, teeth and their supporting structures (periodontium), major and minor salivary glands, and tonsils. • Divided into vestibule and oral cavity proper.

  3. MUCOSA • A mucous tissue lining various tubular structures consisting of epithelium, lamina propria, and, in the digestive tract, a layer of smooth muscle (muscularismucosae).

  4. MUCOSA OF ORAL CAVITY Masticatory mucosa • Has a keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium • Found in gums and hard palate

  5. Lining mucosa Non keratinized epithelium Few papillae Found on lips, cheeks,floor of oral cavity

  6. Specialized mucosa Associated with taste sensation Restricted to dorsal surface of tongue

  7. LIPS • Cutaneous area • Red area • Oral mucosa

  8. CHEEKS • Skin with sebaceous and sweat glands • Mucosa lined by Stratified squamous non cornified epithelium • Lamina propria is compact, contain papilla and connected by a submucosa to the underlying skeletal muscle. • Submucosa has elastic fibers and tubuloalveolar glands

  9. GUMS • Epithelium • Lamina propria • No submucosa and no glands

  10. HARD PALATE • Epithelium keratinized • Long vascular papillae • Periosteum of the hard palate • Submucosa with collagen fibers and gland

  11. SOFT PALATE • Oral surface • Pharyngeal surface • Mucosa • Submucosa • Glands • Skeletal muscles

  12. TONGUE • The main bulk of the tongue, particularly of the anterior two-thirds, is skeletal muscle.

  13. The interlacing muscle fibers course chiefly in three directions, longitudinally, transversely, and vertically, an arrangement which gives maximal mobility and physical control.

  14. LOWER SURFACE • Stratified squamousnoncornified epithelium • Lamina propria is thin and closely bound to underlying muscle.

  15. DORSAL SURFACE • Anterior 2/3: Lingual papillae • Posterior 1/3: Mucosal ridges and lingual tonsils • No submucosa

  16. FILIFORM PAPILLAE • Most numerous • Smallest • Evenly distributed • Slender core of vascular epithelium • Stratified squamous epithelium • Secondary projections

  17. FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE • Few in number • Interspersed among the filiform papillae • Rounded summits and broader bases • Noncornified epithelium • Highly vascular connective tissue

  18. 1.STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS NONCORNIFIED EPITHELIUM 2.LAMINA PROPRIA 3.TASTE BUD

  19. FOLIATE PAPILLAE • Along the posterolateral border of the tongue there are folds of the mucous membrane, sometimes called the foliate papillae. • Not well developed in humans. • In some animals,e.g.,rabbits, it constitute the principle site of aggregation of taste buds.

  20. CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE • 9-12 in number • Resemble fungiform papillae • Much larger • Surrounded by a trench and a wall • Small oval bodies, taste buds

  21. TASTE BUDS

  22. TASTE SENSES

  23. DORSAL SURFACE OF THE POSTERIOR THIRD OF THE TONGUE • Free of papillae • Has mucosal ridges and lingual tonsils

  24. TEETH

  25. ANATOMICAL DIVISION • Crown • Root • Neck

  26. COMPONENTS OF TOOTH • Enamel • Dentin • Cementum • Pulp

  27. ENAMEL • Consists of Enamel rods Inter rod enamel • Secreted by ameloblasts • At apical pole------Tomes process • At the base---------cluster of mitochondria

  28. ENAMEL • Acellular mineralized tissue that covers the crown of tooth • Hardest substance in the body • Once formed, can't be replaced • 96-98% exist mainly as hydroxyapatite crystals

  29. DENTIN • Calcified tissue harder than bone • Dentin is produced by neural crest derived odontoblasts of the adjacent mesenchyme • Sensitive structure

  30. Cementum Alveolar bone proper Periodontal ligament Gingiva PERIODONTIUM

  31. PULP • A C.T. compartment bounded by the tooth dentin • Apical foramen • Vascular & neural networks • Cavity decreases with age

  32. THANK YOU

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