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Digestive System

Digestive System. Trace the path of food…. Descending colon Esophagus Pyloric sphincter Ascending colon Transverse colon Sigmoid colon Anus Ileum Pharynx Cardiac sphincter Duodenum Stomach Rectum Cecum Soft palate Hard palate Jejunum. Trace the path of food…. Hard palate

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Digestive System

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  1. Digestive System

  2. Trace the path of food… • Descending colon • Esophagus • Pyloric sphincter • Ascending colon • Transverse colon • Sigmoid colon • Anus • Ileum • Pharynx • Cardiac sphincter • Duodenum • Stomach • Rectum • Cecum • Soft palate • Hard palate • Jejunum

  3. Trace the path of food… • Hard palate • Soft palate • Pharynx • Esophagus • Cardiac sphincter • Stomach • Pyloric sphincter • Duodenum • Jejunum • Ileum • Cecum • Ascending colon • Transverse colon • Descending colon • Sigmoid colon • Rectum • Anus

  4. Do you know… • Function of salivary glands? • What happens in stomach? • What happens in small intestine? • What happens in large intestine? • Function of liver? • Function of gall bladder? • Function of pancreas?

  5. Layers of the Alimentary Canal • Mucosa - epithelia • Submucosa – connective tissue • Muscularisexterna – layers • Serosa – peritoneum • Visceral • Parietal • Connected by mesentery

  6. The Oral Cavity • Palate • hard • Soft • Uvula • Teeth • Incisors • Canines • Molars • Salivary glands

  7. Esophagus • Peristalsis • Cardiac sphincter • “Loose” closure • Relies on diaphragm to help close • GERD • Hiatal hernia • Squid “fun fact”!

  8. Day 2 • Digestive system concept map • Notes • Pig day 3

  9. Stomach • Three layers of muscle • Lining • SCE • Gastric pits • Mucous neck cells • Gastric glands • Parietal cells – HCl • Chief cells – pepsin • Enteroendocrine cells - gastrin

  10. Small Intestine • Lining • Villi • Capillary bed • Lymph vessel • Crypts of Lieberkuhn • Enzymes from pancreas, liver • Chemical digestion, water absorption

  11. Accessory Organs

  12. Accessory Organs • Liver • Makes bile • Nutrient conversion, other metabolic function • Detox • Gall bladder • Stores bile • Emulsifies fats • Pancreas • Pancreatic juices

  13. Chemical Digestion • Carbohydrates • Begins? • In stomach? • Amylase, brush border enzymes in SI • Fats • Emulsified by? • Lipase in SI • Proteins • Pepsin in stomach • Proteases, brush border enzymes in SI

  14. Pig Dissection

  15. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System • gingivitis and periodontal disease • plaque forms tarter • cardiovascular disease • gastroesophageal reflux disease • heartburn • ulcers • Helicobacter pylori

  16. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System • gastroenteritis • inflammation of stomach or intestine • inflammatory bowel disease • chronic inflammation • ulcerative colitis • Crohn’s disease • constipation and diarrhea • infrequent or too frequent defecation

  17. Disorders and Diseases of the Digestive System • hepatitis • inflammation of liver • pancreatitis • inflammation of pancreas • gallstones • bile forms crystals • cholecystectomy • cancer • digestive system cancers are common Roblan/Shutterstock.com

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