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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Learn how the digestive system processes food to provide nutrients and energy to the body. Understand the functions of different organs involved in digestion and absorption, and potential problems that can arise.

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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BIG IDEA The digestive system: provides nutrients energy for your body through the digestion of food

  2. Objective • Students will learn: • How the digestive system provides nutrients and energy to the body through the digestion of food.

  3. What happens During Digestion? • Main Idea: • During digestion, foods are broken down and absorbed as nourishment or eliminated as waste. • Digestion • Mechanical breakdown of foods within the stomach and intestines for use by the body’s cells. • Absorption • Passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular system • Elimination • The body’s expulsion of undigested food or body waste

  4. How Digestion Works • Main Idea: The digestion system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines. • Mouth--teeth ,salivary glands, tongue • Esophagus—muscular tube about 10 inches long that connects the pharynx with the stomach • Stomach—hollow sac organ enclosed in a wall of muscles. These muscles are flexible and allows the stomach to expand when you eat. • Intestines—pancreas, liver and gallbladder, small and large intestines.

  5. Esophagus • Muscular tube • 10 inches long • Connects pharynx with the stomach • Peristalsis—pare-ih-STAWL-suhs—voluntary muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract.

  6. The Stomach • Hallow • Sac-like-organ • Flexible muscles • Stomach expands • 3 tasks—1. Mixing foods with gastric juices—2.Storing partially digested food and liquid—3. Moving food into the small intestines • 3 layers in stomach muscles

  7. The Pancreas, Liver and Gallbladder • Pancreas produces enzymes • Liver produces bile • Glands in walls of intestine

  8. The Small and Large Intestine Small Intestine Large Intestine 20-23 feet in length 1 inch in diameter Consist of 3 parts: duodenum—jejunum—ileum Digestives juice secreted from small intestine, liver and pancreas 90% of all nutrients are absorbed by small intestine Villi—finger-like projection—absorb nutrients 5-6-feet long 2.5 feet in diameter Unabsorbed materials move by peristalsis into large intestine Undigested parts of food-fiber-roughage is pass into colon Function is to absorb water, vitamins and salts, and to eliminate waste

  9. Functional and Structural Problems • Functional • Indigestion • Constipation • Heart burn • Gas • Nausea • Diarrhea • Structural • Tooth decay • Gastritis • Peptic ulcer • Gallstones • Lactose intolerance • Appendicitis • Colitis • Colon Cancer • Hemorrhoids • Crohn’s disease • Cirrhosis

  10. The Digestive System

  11. The Stomach

  12. Good versus Bad (Liver)

  13. How the Body Work • http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/

  14. Human Digestive System http://health.howstuffworks.com/adam-200142.htm Glencoe Health book pages 422-428 http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/

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