Using Primary Sources

1. Using Primary Sources From the Library of Congress Conference Assignment MEDT 7469 Spring 2012 Dr. Goldberg Lisa Flanagan & Diane Tyner

2. What are primary sources? Primary sources are original documents and items from the time period being studied. Example:A photograph of former President John F. Kennedy taken at the time of his presidency. Example:A typewriter made and used in 1960 – not a replica Picture from www.mytypewriter.com

3. Photograph from www.jfklibrary.org

4. Why use primary sources? “Examining primary sources gives students a powerful sense of history and the complexity of the past. Helping students analyze primary sources can also guide them toward higher-order thinking and better critical thinking and analysis skills.” -www.loc.gov/teachers

5. What lessons can I find at the LOC for primary sources?

6. 7th Grade Language Arts 10th Grade Found Poetry Primary Source SetLesson Plan

7. Using LOC Primary Sources United States History

8. High School US History Assignment • Students will develop a collage of images about the Pearl Harbor attack using the Library of Congress database. • Students will use these photos in a visual and oral presentation. • Students must use at least 10 photos from the website and cite those photos. • Photos can be shared using Google Presentations, Power Point, Movie Maker, Photo Story or iMovie.

9. Standards Alignment GPS – SSUSH19– The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II. B. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. ISTE Standard # 3. Research and Information Fluency Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information. Students: a. plan strategies to guide inquiry b. locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media c. evaluate and select information sources and digital tools based on the appropriateness to specific tasks AASL Standards - 1.1.8 Demonstrate mastery of technology tools for accessing information and pursuing inquiry. 1.1.4 Find, evaluate, and select appropriate sources to answer questions. 1.1.5 Evaluate information found in selected sources on the basis of accuracy, validity, appropriateness for needs, importance, and social and cultural context. 1.1.6 Read, view, and listen for information presented in any format (e.g., textual, visual, media, digital) in order to make inferences and gather meaning.

10. LOC Search Engine

11. Search Results

12. PH & WWII

13. LOC Search Results

14. Presentation Example • Citation : • Title: Three civilians were killed in this shrapnel-riddled car by a bomb dropped from a Jap plane eight miles from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941 Creator(s): United States. Navy., Date Created/Published: 1941 December 7. Medium: 1 photographic print. Summary: Car with dead driver at wheel. Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-92121 (b&w film copy neg.) Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication. Call Number: LOT 11710 <item> [P&P] http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/96509581/

15. How can I use this with elementary school students?

16. Standards Alignment State: GA, Grade: 3, Subject: Language Arts GA.ELA3C. Conventions ELA3C1. The student demonstrates understanding and control of the rules of the English language, realizing that usage involves the appropriate application of conventions and grammar in both written and spoken formats. ELA3C1.j. The student uses resources (encyclopedias, Internet, books) to research and share information about a topic. Common Core CC.3.L.1 Conventions of Standard English: Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. AASL Standard(s) 1.1.6 Read, view, and listen for information presented in any format (e.g., textual, visual, media, digital) in order to make inferences and gather meaning. ISTE Standard # 3. Research and Information Fluency Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information. Students: a. plan strategies to guide inquiry b. locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media c. evaluate and select information sources and digital tools based on the appropriateness to specific tasks

17. What can you observe about this photograph? • Students will analyze the photograph to the right. They will pay particular attention to the clothing, the background, and items they see in the photograph. • Students will discuss what they see. • Students will create categories; i.e. clothing, items, surroundings. • Students will use a graphic organizer to organize what they see in the photograph. • Students will view other photographs of children and compare and contrast what they see. • Students will write about the differences and similarities of the photographs and their lives today. New York City school children http://www.loc.gov/pictures/ item/2006675675/

18. http://www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/

19. Now it’s your turn. Chiricahua Apaches four months after arriving at Carlisle http://cdm15330.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15330coll22/id/36690 Chiricahua Apaches as they arrived at Carlisle from Fort Marion, Florida http://cdm15330.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/p15330coll22/id/36689

20. Side note for class members and Dr. Goldberg. If we were actually presenting this we would use actual copies of these photographs. They can be obtained from the Library of Congress for use with classes and presentations.

21. Library of Congress • Offers valuable resources for students and teachers • Offers links to history through various materials such as photographs • Offers lessons based on GPS that can easily be aligned to ISTE NETS, Common Core, and AASL Standards • Offers a way for students to use higher order thinking skills • Offers a way to link the present to the past

22. Thank you for attending this presentation of Using Primary Sources from the Library of Congress. For a list of Library of Congress Primary Source uses go to https://locsources.wikispaces.com/.

23. References American Association of School Librarians (2011). Standards for the 21st century learner. Retrieved January 20, 2012, from http://www.ala.org/aasl/sites/ala.org.aasl/files/content/guidelinesandstandards/learningstandards/AASL_LearningStandards.pdf Choate, J. N. (1866, November 4). Chiricahua Apaches as they arrived at Carlisle from Fort Marion, Florida [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://cdm15330.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/ p15330coll22/id/36689 Choate, J. N. (1886). Chiricahua Apaches four months after arriving at Carlisle [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://cdm15330.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15330coll22/id/36690

24. References Georgia Department of Education. (2011). Grades 9-12, United States history. In Georgia performance standards. Retrieved March 12, 2012, from https://www.georgiastandards.org/standards/Georgia%20Performance%20Standards/Grade%20Three%20GPS%203-13-09.pdf Georgia Department of Education. (2011). Third grade language arts and reading. In Georgia performance standards. Retrieved March 12, 2012, from https://www.georgiastandards.org/standards/Georgia%20Performance%20Standards/United%20States%20History%202009-2010%2008-14-2008.pdf International Society for Technology in Education. (2007). The ISTE NETS and performance indicators. Retrieved January 20, 2012, from http://www.iste.org/Libraries/PDFs/NETS_for_Student_2007_EN.sflb.ashx

25. References Library of Congress. (n.d.). Primary source analysis tool. Retrieved March 18, 2012, from http://www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/resources/Primary_Source_Analysis_Tool.pdf Library of Congress. (1941, December 7). Three civilians were killed in this shrapnel-riddled car by a bomb dropped from a Japanese plane eight miles from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. In loc.gov. Retrieved March 19, 2012, from Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalogs (LOT 11710). Library of Congress. (n.d.). Using primary sources. Retrieved March 16, 2012, from http://www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/ New York City school children. 2 girls "with shining faces, opening day", [Photograh]. (1915). Retrieved from Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA database. (LOT 10850 [item] [P&P])

26. References United States Navy (1941, December 7). Three civilians were killed in this shrapnel-riddled car by a bomb dropped from a Jap plane eight miles from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941 [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/96509581/ Photograph, John F. Kennedy [Photograph]. (1960). Retrieved from http://www.jfklibrary.org/ Asset-Viewer/Archives/JFKPOF-007-008-p0080.aspx Typewriter [Photograph]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://mytypewriter.com/olivettilettera32c1963.aspx