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Cellular Respiration

Explore how cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy through glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle, and the electron transport chain. Understand fermentation types and energy production. Learn about the endurance of ATP in exercise.

duncan-donovan
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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration An Overview

  2. Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose an other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + H2O + Energy

  3. Glycolysis • Glucose (A six carbon sugar) is broken down into two 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules. • This process requires two ATP moleules. • This process creates 4 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules for the electron transport chain.

  4. Fermentation • An anaerobic respiration meaning that oxygen is not required. • Two types of fermentation: • Alcoholic Fermentation • Lactic Acid Fermentation

  5. Alcoholic Fermentation • Used by yeast and a few other microorganisms. • Produces Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 as wastes. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

  6. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Produced in many cells including your muscles. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Lactic Acid + NAD+ Lactic Acid is produced during rapid exersize, causing a painful,burning sensation. This effect is reduced with potassium.

  7. Kreb’s Cycle • During the Kreb’s Cycle, pyruvic acid from glycolysis is used to make CO2, NADH, ATP, and FADH2. • Occurs in the mitochondria. • The end energy tally from 1 Glucose (2 pyruvic acids) is: • 6 NADH • 2 FADH2 • 2 ATP

  8. Electron Transport • The Krebs Cycle creates high energy electrons. • These electrons are passed along a series of proteins in the mitochondrial membrane. • The electrons from the 6 NADH are used to form 18 ATP molecules. • The electrons from the 2 FADH2 are used to make 2 ATP molecules.

  9. Cellular Respiration of Glucose Molecule. Glycolysis = 6 ATP Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain = 30 ATP Grand Total of 36 ATP molecules from 1 Glucose!

  10. Energy and Exersize • Quick Energy comes from ATP in the muscle cell ready for use. • a few seconds • Long Term Energy- cellular respiration provides energy for at least 20-30 minutes. • Fermentation occurs more rapidly so it also kicks in. • After 20-30 minutes, other molecules, such as fats or proteins are used for energy.

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