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Exploring the Essence of Romanticism: Emotion, Nature, and Imagination

Romanticism (1750-1837) emerged as a passionate reaction against Enlightenment ideals, prioritizing emotion and imagination over reason. Romantic writers drew inspiration from nature, folk culture, and personal passions, celebrating the extraordinary and the extreme. This era was influenced by significant historical events, such as the Industrial Revolution, American and French Revolutions, and Latin American independence movements, which transformed societies. Romantic works often depict whimsical extremes, the beauty of nature, and the quest for truth, encapsulating the vibrant spirit of human experience.

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Exploring the Essence of Romanticism: Emotion, Nature, and Imagination

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  1. Romanticism 1750-1837

  2. Romanticism: • Moved AWAY from belief in reason (in the Enlightenment) • Valued feeling and imagination over reason • Romantic writers found inspiration in nature, folk culture, the medieval past, and their own passions.

  3. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesIndustrial Revolution • Brought a shift from farm and handmade goods based economies to manufacturing by machines in industrial factories

  4. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesIndustrial Revolution • Coal and steam replaced wind and water as new sources of energy and power • People moved to cities and towns to work in factories

  5. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesIndustrial Revolution • Lots of new money for few factory owners • Lots of misery for factory workers • Bad working conditions • Poverty • Slums • Diseases

  6. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesAmerican and French Revolution • 1776- American colonists declared their independence • Finally won its freedom in 1781 • French Revolution- began in 1789 • As a Democratic protest • Once in power, the revolutionary government resorted to brutality • This led to the execution of thousands during Reign of Terror

  7. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesLatin American Revolutions • 1790s- ideals of American and French Revolutions spread throughout Latin America • By 1824, these countries became independent: • Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Paraguay, Columbia, Venezuela, Bolivia

  8. Historical, Social, and Cultural ForcesThe Napoleonic Wars • Revolutionary France declared war on Britain in 1792 • Napoleon Bonaparte = French power • Horatio Nelson = British naval commander who became national hero when he shattered Napoleon’s fleet • Kept fighting until 1815, at the climactic Battle of Waterloo

  9. Napoleon wasn’t a very strategic player…

  10. Romanticism: • Sprang from a reaction against Enlightenment values • Enlightenment praised reason and limits

  11. Romanticism: • Romantics were fascinated by extreme physical sensations and mental states • Even terror and madness!

  12. Romantic Works: • NOT filled with moderation of social cohesion

  13. Romantic Works: ARE filled with exotic extremes, whimsy, nightmares, innocent children, lone wanderers, and quests

  14. Think happy thoughts! • Enlightenment followers viewed feelings as untrustworthy and distracting • Romantics valued expressions of feelings as authentic

  15. Enlightenment v. Romanticism

  16. Romanticism and Nature • Enlightenment thought nature obeyed mechanical laws and could be mastered

  17. Romanticism and Nature • Romanticism believed that nature was always active, vital, and spontaneous

  18. Above all… Romantic writers placed their trust in instinct and the imagination

  19. Three Big Ideas: • The Stirrings of Romanticism • Nature and the Imagination • The Quest for Truth and Beauty

  20. RomanticPoetry: • Now, let’s look at some Romantic Poetry…

  21. Romantic Poetry: • William Blake: • “A Poison Tree” page 716 • “The Tyger” page 718 • “The Chimney Sweeper” from Songs of Innocence page 721 • William Wordsworth: • “The World is Too Much with Us” page 740 • “My Heart Leaps Up” page 741 • “Composed Upon Westminster Bridge” page 742

  22. Romantic Poetry: • Samuel Taylor Coleridge • “Kubla Khan” page 759 • George Gordon, Lord Byron • “She Walks in Beauty” page 802 • John Keats • “When I have Fears that I May Cease to Be” page 828 • “To Autumn” page 837

  23. Your Objective: • Write a poem using your imagination! • Close your eyes for two minutes and imagine yourself somewhere in nature • It can be in the mountains, and open field, on the beach…

  24. Your Objective: • When I tell you to, open your eyes and write a poem about what you imagined. • You must have a rhyming scheme • Write at least 20 lines • You will turn this in before you leave

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