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Romanticism. 1760-1870. Romanticism characteristics. Artists revolted against neo-classical order/reason . returned to the beauty of nature. F reedom , emotion, sentimentality and spontaneity- over logic and reason.
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Romanticism 1760-1870
Romanticism characteristics • Artists revolted against neo-classical order/reason. • returned to the beauty of nature. • Freedom, emotion, sentimentalityand spontaneity- over logic and reason. • painted and wrote about exotic, patriotic, primitive and supernatural subjects.
Dance – Romanticism: The Golden Age of Ballet • Stories of fairy tales and romantic love • Ghostly creatures fell in love with mortal men and dead maidens rose from the grave. • “On Point” dancing on tip-toes • Costumes changed; skirts became shorter to show the more complicated steps. • Even male roles were being played by females • Ballet declined during the late 1800’s.
Drama/Theatre -Romanticism • Began in Germany during the early 1880s. • The following is present in the Romantic style: • Beauty • Adventure • Sentimental idealism • Playwright Goethe (1749-1832). • Most famous play is Faust. • It is a familiar tale about a man who sells his soul to the devil for riches and fame. • Alexander Dumas (1802-1870) • The Three Musketeers • Man in the Iron Mask
Romanticism Dramas:Melodrama • Exaggerated characters and exciting events appealed to audience’s emotions. • Use of stock characters, happy endings, clearly defined heroes and villains. • Very popular in the US in the 1800s • Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin • most adapted novel for the stage
Characteristics of Romanticism Music • Melody- (main part or tune or piece) • Long, big climaxes, extreme and unpredictable • Harmony- (parts or musical lines that are not the melody) • Key changes within a piece, • Rhythm- (patterns of sounds/silences, pulse or beat) • Changes in meter and tempo, exotic and nationalistic characteristics • Texture- (thickness of the sound) • Homophonic –same sound • Timbre- (quality of sounds from instruments or vocals) • Increased woodwinds and brass sections of the orchestra • Form- (rondo, call and response, round/canon) • Symphony, opera, music dramas
Music - Romanticism • Richard Wagner (1813-1833) • German • Nationalism’s influence on music • (pride in one’s country and heritage) • Used music to communicate his political and philosophical beliefs • German myths and legends as the basis for his operas. • Realistic operas • actors appeared to be having conversations while singing. • “music-dramas”, • music, poetry, scenery, and costumes were all equally important. • The Ring Cycle, • takes 4 nights to perform, • Each performance 4 hours. • Ride of the Valkryies.
Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) • Russian • Known for his ballet music. • Wrote the music for Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker • Use Russian folk songs for the musical ideas. • In 1888 the Russian government paid him a salary for life. • Symphony no. 6, Fourth Movement.
Visual Art - Romanticism • Sentimental about the past • Reflected on nature • Imagination gained new importance. • Exotic, faraway places, primitive societies, and medieval superstitions became subjects of artwork.
John Constable (1776-1837) • English • landscape painter • capture the look and feel of being outdoors. (painted outdoors) • how sunlight affect landscapes. • showed movement of clouds and rain.
Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s GroundJohn Constable, 1825
Francisco Goya (1746-1828) • Spanish • paintings and prints of political events , fantastical images of dreams and superstitions. • Official court painter • portraits of King Charles III and King Charles IV. • Infatuated with the Duchess of Alba. • several portraits of her, kept one for self • became seriously ill and almost died. • left totally deaf except for lifetime ringing in ears • Dramatic change • Bizarre and frightening images, horrors of war. • war was portrayed as horrible and cruel rather than something noble or exciting. • Most famous painting The Third of May