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The Accession of Tyler and the War of Words with Britain

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  1. Chapter 17 The Accession of Tyler too

  2. Intro and Accession of Tyler • 1840 Harrison elected • Clay and Webster plan on controlling the white house from behind scenes • Harrison died and plans change

  3. Who was Tyler (still accession) • VG gentleman • Dedicated to principle • Democrat in Whig clothing • States righter • Usually at odds with Whigs • Put on ticket to attract votes, but not be pres

  4. John Tyler: President without a party • Whigs plan: • From Clay’s Nationalistic Program • Banks -End Independent Treasury -Fiscal bank would lead to a new Bank of US -Tyler Vetoed said UC -Clay tries again with Fiscal Corporation: Vetoed

  5. -Tyler expelled from party -known as His accidency, EA, Grippe -almost entire cabinet resigned

  6. Whig Tariff --Vetoed first -Signed second try which was lower -Harrison promised 2 dollars a day and Roast Beef -Tyler: Ten cents and Bean Soup

  7. War of Words with Britain • English hatred still prominent • Why? • Memories of two wars • British judged us as backwards • British Travel Books • Paper war • Owed money to Brits for improvements, never like the lender

  8. Words to into action (war of words still) • 1837 Canadian Revolution • US supplied some weapons • Caroline US steamer going with supplies attacked • 1840: McLeod: Canadian said he had a part in sinking. Almost caused war • Creole: Slave ship rebelled and British offered freedom to slaves on

  9. Manipulating Maine • British wanted a road through their territory • Had been clashes among lumberjacks • Aroostook River Valley no mans land • Aroostook war • Lumberjack war over good trees • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZa26_esLBE • Ashburton sent to settle

  10. Ashburton Treaty • Settled land dispute • Settled Caroline dispute • US get a lot of Iron later • US got more land, but Britain got their land route

  11. Lone Star of Texas • Texas had been floating on own since 1836 • Mexico threatened war • Texas lived in fear • Britain wanted Texas to be free, wanted to try to get in and influence, and challenge Monroe Doctrine

  12. Belated Texas Nuptials • Texas an issue in 44 • Texas or Disunion! • Polk gets elected and Texas comes in • Tyler did a lot to get ready • Tyler opts for a Joint Resolution • Mexico mad, but barely Mex any more

  13. Oregon Fever Populates Oregon • Oregon massive wilderness • N of CA to 54/40 • Spain, Russia, Brit, and US all have claim • Spain out in Florida Treaty 1819 • Russia out 1824-5

  14. Brit had claim, Hudson Bay Company • America laid claim in 1792 by Gray • Then Lewis and Clark in 1804-6 • Missionaries in 1830s

  15. Brits and US lived side by side in Peace • 1818 America wants to divide at 49th PLL • Joint occupation stayed

  16. Americans start coming using trail • 1846 5000 US south of Columbia • Brits 700 • Small territory under dispute • Becomes an issue in 44

  17. Mandate for Manifest Destiny • 1844 Election • Clay: Whigs • Demos: Deadlocked so pick Polk Dark Horse • Gov of Tenn, Speaker of HS • Young Hickory

  18. 1844 election • Issue was Man Dest • Texas and Oregon • Lots of campaign activity • Clay tried to straddle Texas issue • Liberty Party absorbed 16000 votes that would have made a diff • Demos win with Polk • Tyler signs joint res

  19. Polk the Purposeful https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xh0IqC8Chr4 • Serious guy • Gray eyed and stern faced • Not as dark of a horse as people said • Did not delegate well • Wanted lower tariff • Sec of T: Walker • 32-25% • Walker tariff met resistance, but turned out Good

  20. Restore IndTrsy • Which he accomplished • CA and OR • Promised in Campaign. All of OR • Polk not want all of OR, give N too much power • Tried for 49 • Brit ignores

  21. Then Brit changes mind • Furred out • Not worth war • 1846 come ready for treaty • Polk mad and sends to Senate • Some call 54 40 or fight • In end got compromise

  22. Misunderstanding with Mexico • CA looked mighty nice to MD’s • Port of San Fran key • Mix of Spanish, Mexican, US, Native • Polk wanted to buy • Mexico already owed us 3 million • Mexico still mad about Texas • Ambassador called home

  23. Where did Texas end and Mexico start? • Mexicans thought Nueces River • America thought Rio Grande • Basically became a DMZ • 1845 Polk sends Slidell to Mexico to offer 25 million • Mexicans ignore

  24. American Blood on American Soil • 1846 Polk orders Taylor to go to Rio • Mexicans not take bait • Polk tells cabinet he is going to ask for war on the basis of unpaid bills, Slidell’s rejections • April 46, Mexicans attack Taylor and kill 16 • Polk tells Congress we tried to a avoid, but they attacked • Lincoln speaks up as a Whig Congressman • Both sides were ready for a fight

  25. Mastering of Mexico • Santa Anna tricks Polk • Kearny takes Santa Fe and heads towards CA, but Fremont had already secured • Bear Flag

  26. Taylor • Old Rough and Ready • Buena Vista • 5000 vs 20000 • Spontaneous combustion

  27. Scott • Had bigger army so went for Mex city • Fuss and Feathers • Facing disease and troop issues • Overcame odds and won at MC

  28. Fighting Mexico for Peace • Polk sends Trist to bring Peace • Trist and Scott get armistice with SA for 10,000 • SA took money and tried to refortify • Polk recalls Trist, but he refuses to come home • Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo 1848 • America got massive land grant and had to pay about 19 mill. We had offered them 25 for CA!

  29. Conscience Whigs or Mexican Whigs condemn • Threatened to vote down supplies! • Some people call for all of Mexico

  30. Profit and Loss • Small war • 13000 lives • 1/3 more land • Schoolroom of Civil War • Navy played big role/blockade • Respect for our military • Each army respected each other • Chapultepec

  31. Created bad blood between countries • LA a little worried about us • Colossus of North? • Brought up slavery issue • Wilmot Proviso: • No slavery in new territory • Passed House twice, but not Senate • Mexico will Poison us: Emerson • Forbidden Fruit: Calhoun

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