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Acids and bases

acids, bases and salts properties and reactions

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Acids and bases

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  1. Acids, Bases and Salts ACIDS BASES Acids are proton donors/electron acceptors. They turn blue litmus to Red Sour in taste pH ranges between 0 - 6 Classifica�on Bases are proton acceptors /electron donors. They turn red litmus to blue Bi�er in taste pH ranges between 8 - 14 Classifica�on Mono Acidic Di Acidic Tri Acidic Mono basic Di basic Tri basic Acidity Basicity Organic Source Inorganic Dilute Dilute Concentra�on Concentra�on Concentrated Concentrated Oxy Presence of Oxygen Hydracid Strong Strong Strength Strength Weak Weak Similar Chemical Proper�es of Acids and Bases Mixing of Acids and Bases in water is an exothermic reac�on Chemical Proper�es of Acids Chemical Proper�es of Bases Metal + Base—> Salt + Hydrogen gas (Not all metals show this reaction ) Acid+Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogen carbonate—> Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water Acid + Metal —> Salt + Hydrogen gas Non-metal oxide+Base— > salt+Water Metal oxide+Acid—> Salt + Water Dissociate when added to water Battery Acid Baking soda Sodium chloride 1M HCl Vinegar Ammonia Rainwater 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 11 12 13 15 8 14 Milk of magnesia (10) Pure water blood (about 7.4) Lemon juice (about 2.2) Gastric juice (about 1.2) Sodium hydroxide solution (about 14) Basic Nature Increases with Increase in the OH– ion concentration Acidic Nature Increases with Increase in H+ ion concentration Salt or Neutral Acids+BasesSalt •Brittle •Hard •Crystalline Types of Salts Dissociation in water Constituents Dissociate Completely Dissociate incompletely Acidic Neutral Basic Mixed Salt Double salt Complex Salt

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