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Biomes

Biomes. Tropical Rainforest. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/. Location: Found near equator…little variation in temperatures. No distinct seasonal changes. Earth's most complex land biome. Tropical Rainforest Abiotic factors both hot and moist;

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Biomes

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  1. Biomes

  2. Tropical Rainforest http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/ Location: Found near equator…little variation in temperatures. No distinct seasonal changes. Earth's most complex land biome

  3. Tropical Rainforest Abiotic factors • both hot and moist; • About 100 in/yr of rainfall http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysfl

  4. Bougainvillea Tropical Rainforest Plant adaptations • Sunlight is a major limiting factor • Plants grow in layers (canopy or top receives most light) • Little sun reaches the floor Bangul Bamboo

  5. Silvery Gibbon Tropical Rainforest Animal Adaptations Many animals require special habitat to survive Camouflage is common • Many symbiotic relationships • Live in different levels of canopy Wagler’s pit viper Slender Loris http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/rnfrst_animal_page.htm

  6. Threats to the Tropical Rainforest • Humans strip the rainforests for uses including logging and cattle ranching. • plants and animals that are displaced by destruction of their home http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/rnfrst_animal_page.htm

  7. Temperate Deciduous Forests Location: • found in temperate zone (about 480 North lat) • Much of the human population lives in this biome http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tbdf/tbdf.html

  8. Characterized by an a lot of deciduous (leaf bearing) trees Characterized by 4 seasons http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/taiga.html Temperate Deciduous Forests Abiotic Factors • Soils: Deep soil layers, rich in nutrients • Precipitation: 30–100 in/yr in all forms (snow, rain, hail, fog, etc.)

  9. Lady Fern More diversity in the deciduous forest vs. the coniferous forest due to increased sunlight.Trees adapt to varied climate by becoming dormant in winter Temperate Deciduous forestPlant adaptations White Birch Birchhttp://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_plant_page.htm Deciduous forests grow in layers More sunlight reaches the ground compared to a rainforest so you will find more ground dwelling plants. Geulder Rose

  10. Bald Eagle Temperate Deciduous ForestAnimal Adaptations • Lose Winter Coat • Adapt to many seasons • Eat from different layers of the forest Least Weasel Fat Dormouse http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/deciduous_animal_page.htm

  11. Threats to Temperate Deciduous Forests Many forests are cleared to provide housing for humans. Animals lose their habitats. http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tbdf/tbdf.html

  12. Taigaaka Northern Coniferous Forest or Boreal Forest Location: Found only in Northern Hemisphere

  13. Taiga Abiotic factors • Winters are long and cold • Averages 100 in/yr precipitation—mostly snow • Soil poor in nutrients and very acidic • Growing season is very short http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/modules/ ecosystems_biomes/biomes_northern_forest.html

  14. Taiga Plant adaptations Balsam Fir • Coniferous (needle-bearing) trees are abundant • Roots long to anchor trees • Needles long, thin and waxy • Low sunlight and poor soil keeps plants from growing on forest floor http://www.inchinapinch.com/hab_pgs/terres/coniferous/plants.htm Fireweed

  15. Moose Animal Adaptations of the Taiga • Adapt for cold winters • Burrow, hibernate, warm coat, insulation, etc. http://www.inchinapinch.com/hab_pgs/terres/coniferous/animals.htm Great Grey Owl

  16. Threats to the Taiga Mining and pollution http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/taiga.htm

  17. Savannas (Tropical Grasslands) Contain the greatest number of grazing animals on Earth. Location: Found in the tropics…near equator Amount of precipitation supports tall grasses but only a few trees. http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/savanna/savanna.html

  18. Tropical SavannaAbiotic Factors Rainy and dry season 25-150 in/yr precipitation Fire plays a large role in this ecosystem http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/savannah.html

  19. Whistling Thorn Umbrella Thorn Acacia Tropical SavannaPlant Adaptations • Grows in Tufts • Resistance to Drought • Many plants have thorns and sharp leaves to protect against predators Kangaroos Paws Baobab http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/savanna_plant_page.htm

  20. Chacma Baboon Adapt for short rainy season—migrate as necessary Reproduce during rainy season—ensures more young survive http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/savanna_animal_page.htm Tropical SavannaAnimal Adaptations Zebras

  21. Threats to the Tropical Savanna • Invasive species • Fire Elephant Koala http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/savanna_animal_page.htm

  22. Grassland areas: • 50-75 cm/yr • Characteristic high Winds http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/steppe.htm

  23. Grasslandshttp://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/grasslands.htm

  24. Deep roots and can withstand dryness Prairie Plant Adaptations Fleabane http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/prairie_plants_page.htm Buffalo Grass

  25. Many adaptations to survive extremes Prairie Animal Adaptations Bobcat Geoffrey’s cat Prairie dog http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/pampas_animal_page.htm

  26. Desert Ecosystems • Location: Depending on type of desert, you will find them in various locations.

  27. DesertAbiotic factors • <10 in/yr of rain • Little to no topsoil due to high winds. • Minerals not deep in soil. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/taiga.html While there are many types of deserts, they all share one characteristic: They are the driest places on Earth!

  28. Joshua Treehttp://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert_plant_page.htm Barrel Cactus Desert Plant Adaptations: • Spines • Succulents • Thick, waxy cuticle • Shallow, broad roots • Ocotollio

  29. Bob Cat Desert Animal Adaptations: • Get water from food • Thick outer coat • Burrow during day • Large ears • Smaller animals = less surface area http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert_animal_page.htm Armadillo Lizard Javelina

  30. http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/world_biomes.htm Threats to the Desert Building houses and new buildings Off roading vehicles Some plants are removed by people collecting them. Dry Desert Sonoran Desert

  31. Tundra http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tundra/tundra.html Location: Found north of the Arctic Circle

  32. Tundra Abiotic Factors • <25 in/year • Temp rarely higher than 100C • Permafrost layer • Short growing season http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/taiga.html

  33. Reindeer lichen Tundra Plant Adaptations • Growing close to the ground • Having shallow roots to absorb the limited water resources. • Trees grow less than 1 m high! cottongrass

  34. Perennials Woody shrubs http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tundra/tundra.html Heaths Examples of Tundra Plants

  35. snowy owl Many visitors, migration Few predators Little Competition Small ears Insulation, thick coat Arctic fox Tundra Animal Adaptations Grizzly Bear

  36. Threats to the Tundra One of the most fragile biomes on the planet Tufted Saxifrage Oil drilling is proposed in Alaska and other areas! Polar Bear The tundra is slow to recover from damage.

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