Skeletal System

1. Skeletal System P. 266 By Chaipatr and Koichi

2. Basic Facts There are 206 pieces of bones in our body. Our bone is made mainly out of calcium and phosphorus. The skeletal system is the basic framework of our body.

3. Functions of Bones Protect the internal organs Support the body Store materials that your body needs Allows your body to move

4. Support and Protection Gives you basic shape and support The backbone is at the center of the body, it is consisted with 33 vertebrae Many bones protect the internal organs from external injuries.

5. Movements The muscles, nervous and skeletal system work together to allow movements through the body.

6. Storage & Production of Materials Your bones store minerals and release it whenever the body needs them. Some bones also produces the blood.

7. Development of Bones Cartilages are softer and more flexible bone. Cartilages mature into bones through ossification. Ossification is the process in which mineral stores and harden the bones.

8. Development of Bones After young adulthood, the only cartilage left is the cushion in the joints and parts of the ear, nose, and at the end of some bones.

9. Structures of Bones There are 2 types of bones, compact and spongy bones. Marrow fills the space in the spongy bones. There are 2 types of marrows, red and yellow. Red bones produces blood. Yellow bones store fats.

10. Joints Joints are where 2 or more bones meet and connect. Joints allow for movement and protect bones from friction and force. Some joints such as in your skull allows no motion. There are 4 types of movable joints, the pivot joint, the ball-and-socket joint, the gliding joint, and the hinge joint.

11. Joints Bones are held together to the joints by strong fibrous bands called ligaments. Cartilage also acts as a cushion to protect the joints from friction. Membrane around the joints secrete a fluid that lubricate the joints to reduce friction.

12. Eating Well Not enough mineral can result in osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones weaken and break easily. Nutrients that are important to bones include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, vitamins A, C, and D.

13. Exercise & Avoid Injuries Weight-bearing activities such as running and dancing can help your bones grow stronger. Fracture is the break in a bone. Fracture can be treated by splinting, casting or sometimes surgery. You can wear protective equipments when attending a sport to protect yourself from injuries.

14. Avoiding Joint injuries Sprains are overstretched or torn ligament. Sprains can be treated by icing or pain relievers. Severe sprains may need bracing or a surgery. Dislocation is when the bone’s end has been forced out of their normal position. To treat dislocation, bones are put back to the proper position and then casted until the cartilage heals.

15. Avoiding Joint injuries Torn Cartilage is when there is a serious damage to the cartilage between the bone and the joint. Torn cartilage can be treated by arthroscopic surgery, a surgery method in which a fiber is put inside a joint to analyze the damage. Overuse injuries occurs when an activity is performed too much.

16. Medical Checkups Scoliosis is the abnormal curvature of the spine. Scoliosis usually develops during childhood, but it may not be detected until the ten years.

17. Important Parts of The Skeletal System

18. Quiz How many vertebrae are in the backbone? What is the bone that connects 2 or more bones together? Give one example of a bone problem. Name 2 bones in your skeletal system.