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Understanding Camera Lighting Techniques for Moving Image Production

By Emer Rooney. Understanding Camera Lighting Techniques for Moving Image Production. Light - Refraction. Refraction is the name given to the process that involves the bending of light as it passes through one transparent object to another

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Understanding Camera Lighting Techniques for Moving Image Production

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  1. By Emer Rooney Understanding Camera Lighting Techniques for Moving Image Production

  2. Light- Refraction • Refraction is the name given to the process that involves the bending of light as it passes through one transparent object to another • The best example of this is the human eye itself because if we didn't have this bending of light process we would be unable to focus light into our retina. Therefore when using a camera this process applies the same concept as without this we would be unable to focus on the subjects that we are shooting. • This video explains light refraction in theory- • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jQDRNb-E-cY

  3. Light- Light Spectrum • The light spectrum is the name given to the the range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation stretching from radio waves and visible light. • The only part of this spectrum that is not capable of being detected by the human eye is the visible light portion. • We thankfully now are able to look at this portion due to the innovative creation of full spectrum cameras.

  4. Light Spectrum –Full Spectrum Camera • A Full spectrum camera is a device that allows the camera operator to take footage in infrared and ultra violet settings. A regular camera does not let the operator do this because of its settings. These updated cameras can allow heat to be visible to the human eye through the camera.

  5. Lenses • Lenses are in my opinion the most important part of the camera.The types of lenses that we use have a massive effect on the final product that we produce. For example: • Wide angle lenses- These are used for wide shots e.g group photos or establishing shots. • 50mm lens- Great for close ups an extremly detailed photography. • Telephoto lens- Used to capture footage of far away subjects that may not be approachable mostly used for sports and wildlife moving image/Photography.

  6. Telephoto lens Wide angle lens 50mm lens

  7. Depth of field • The lens on a camera can only focus on one object at one given time. Behind and in front of this focus point there will be an area that appears sharp to the camera operator this is known as the depth of field. There are two categories within this and they are Shallow and Deep. A deep depth of field shows a lot of the picture to be sharp. A shallow depth of field shows a narrow zone of the picture to be sharp.

  8. F numbers • This is the name given to the ratio of focal length to the diameter of the aperture. The best way that this is used is again through the use of light. When the camera operator is shooting in a situation with very high lighting they will set their f stop to high number so that the light doesn't’t distort their shot. If the camera operator is shooting in a darker setting they will set the f stop they set the camera to a lower number to allow for as much light to be placed upon their shot.

  9. Colour- The Colour of light • The colour of light and understanding what it really means is something that holds great importance. This holds great important because the use of the wrong lighting can portray the wrong mood in a scene. Cameras can be very sensitive to the colour of light so the right settings must be taken into consideration before a final product is produced. All cameras come a built in white balance effect. White balance is used and adjusted with this colour to stop the subjects on screen appearing washed out.

  10. Mood lighting • Lighting can be perfected to portray a certain mood on screen through the use of colour. Warm colours like red and yellow give the idea of heat and warmth and colder colours like blue and white give off the idea of colder environments and situations.

  11. Colour Saturation • This term refers to how intense an a photo or video piece appears to be shown. A high use of saturation gives the product a very lucid and expressive feel, compared to a low use of saturation which gives the product a very soft and relaxed look and feel.

  12. Lights-Red Heads • A red head light is probably one of the most commonly used in studio settings. These lights are perfect for lighting larger areas because of the powerful force that they operate at. They are commonly used in Studio setting as most studios are quite large and as I said they are perfect for lighting large areas.

  13. Lights-Blondes • These lights are used similarly to the red head lights as they are also commonly used for large settings. Basically these lights are a much larger version of the red head lights. Red head lights would be more commonly be used In smaller studios compared to these lights being used in bigger studios and settings.

  14. LEDS • The use of LEDs would be more commonly seen in smaller productions and often photography shoots. LEDs are an artificial type of lighting used to flood light into mainly one subject in front of the camera.

  15. Camera formats- 16mm Film • 16mm filming is something that had phased out of our film society as the digital age has taken over massively. This was often used in the older film cameras and 16mm refrers to the size of the gauge of the film .

  16. 35mm • 35mm film overtook the 16mm film as It was larger and more efficient for filmmakers,However it has now been thrown over again by digital. Some filmmakers still use it however it is not as popular as it once was. 35mm film has the same purpose as 16mm film only it has a much larger gauge.

  17. Digital • In the 21at century this is the most commonly used type of format. Almost everyone in the word has access to a digital camera be it from their smart phones or their own personal cameras. This is much more efficent and futuristic way of filming.

  18. refrencing • https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/49-refraction-of-light • http://www.dspguide.com/ch23/2.htm • https://www.quora.com/Why-does-the-Hubble-use-an-infrared-camera • https://www.techradar.com/how-to/photography-video-capture/cameras/what-is-depth-of-field-how-aperture-focal-length-and-focus-control-sharpness-1320959 • http://tubularinsights.com/f-stop/ • https://www.mediacollege.com/lighting/types/redhead.html • https://www.mediacollege.com/lighting/types/blonde.html

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