Concepts: Location Production – Distribution - Consumption Individuals and Groups

1. SS8H9bEvaluate the importance of Bell Aircraft, military bases, the Savannah and Brunswick shipyards, Richard Russell, and Carl Vinson. Concepts: Location Production – Distribution - Consumption Individuals and Groups

2. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT RICHARD RUSSELL CARL VINSON HOW DID THESE MEN HELP THE ECONOMY OF GEORGIA?

3. Carl Vinson • A congressman, Vinson helped to build the US Navy in the years leading up to WW2 • From 1934-1941, Vinson wrote many bills that expanded the U.S. Navy • This enabled the US to ship supplies to Allies during the Lend-Lease Act, to overcome the attack of Pearl Harbor, and to eventually send troops into battle

4. Carl Vinson • He is referred to as “father of the two-ocean navy” because he convinced the US Government to build up its naval forces and shipyards in both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. • He served twenty-five consecutive terms representing Georgia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1914-1965 • President Nixon honored Vinson by naming the nation’s third nuclear carrier for him.

5. Shipyards of Savannah and Brunswick, GA • Hundred of Liberty ships were built in these shipyards for the war • The first ship was launched in November 1942, the U.S.S. James Oglethorpe • 88 Liberty Ships were built in Savannah by 15,000 workers (mostly female) • Brunswick produced 99 Liberty ships; 16,000 workers at Brunswick • The importance of these ports as economic and military centers continues today

6. SAVANNAH and BRUNSWICK SHIPYARDS

8. Military Bases • Major military bases included Fort Benning in Columbus, Camp Gordon in Augusta, Fort Stewart and Hunter Airfield in Savannah, and Warner Robbins Air Field near Macon • Airmen from Glynco Naval Air Station, near Brunswick, flew blimps along the southern Atlantic coast in search of German submarines

9. Military Bases • Fort McPherson, in the Atlanta area, was a major induction center for newly drafted soldiers from all over the country • In nearby Clayton County, Fort Gillem, an army storage facility and railroad yard, began operations

11. FORT BENNING, GEORGIA THEN AND NOW

12. ROBINS AIR FORCE BASE

13. Bell Aircraft • With the help of President Roosevelt, the federal government created Bell Aircraft which produced 663 B-29 bombers that helped the US win WWII. • This manufacturing plant turned Cobb County into a thriving industrial region

14. Bell Aircraft • Marietta, GA began to experience a lot of economic and population growth because of Bell Aircraft as thousands of jobs were created • After WWII, the plant shut down, but in 1951 Lockheed-Georgia (now Lockheed-Martin) bought the company and still produces airplanes for the US Military today

15. BELL AIRCRAFT B-29 BOMBER MARIETTA, GA BELL AIRCRAFT PLANT IS NOW LOCKHEED MARTIN

16. Richard Russell • A former governor, he served as Georgia US Senator for 38 years • He helped pass FDR’s New Deal programs • He was a big supporter of the US military

17. Richard Russell • He helped increase Georgia’s military bases that would help train soldiers for WWII • He also helped create the National School Lunch Program as well as the CDC (Center for Disease Control) which is one of the best high-tech laboratories in the nation, located in Atlanta

18. RICHARD RUSSELL CARL VINSON

19. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT RICHARD RUSSELL CARL VINSON HOW DID THESE MEN HELP THE ECONOMY OF GEORGIA?

20. SS8H9c. Explain the impact of the Holocaust on Georgians. .

21. The Holocaust and Georgia • The Holocaust was a systematic approach to eliminating Jews in Europe by Adolf Hitler, the Nazi’s leader. It’s estimated that 6 million Jews were murdered during the war. The impact of the Holocaust on Georgians during WWII was minimal. The Jewish community has been a part of Georgia history since its founding in 1733. Jews continued to settle throughout Georgia over the next two centuries.

22. The Holocaust and Georgia • The Jewish population would grow and thrive tremendously in Atlanta. Steered away from farming by historical circumstances (for example, many of the governments in Europe imposed restrictions on their owning land), Jews across Georgia tended to gravitate toward nonagricultural work. • Thus the history of Georgia’s Jews finds most of them clustered in the more urban areas, especially Savannah and Atlanta; the latter has become the center of Georgia’s largest Jewish population.  One of the most historical buildings in Atlanta is the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Synagogue.

23. The Holocaust and Georgia • Nowadays, the Georgia Legislature acknowledges the Holocaust annually with a ceremony; many prominent figures attend throughout the state including the Governor. Also, located in Atlanta are The William Breman Jewish Heritage & Holocaust Museum, celebrating Jewish culture, embracing diversity, and promoting social justice. • During WWII the Holocausts impact on Georgians was minimal however, it has left a lasting impact on Georgia and the Jewish heritage is celebrated throughout the state.