Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe

1. 9 Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe

2. Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe • Civilization in Eastern Europe • The Byzantine Empire • The Split Between Eastern and Western Christianity • The Spread of Civilization in Eastern Europe • The Emergence of Kievan Rus

3. Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe

4. The Byzantine Empire • The Power of the Byzantine Empire • Emperor Constantine • 4th century C.E., Constantinople • Empire divided • Capitals at Rome and Constantinople • Greek language official from 6th century

5. The Byzantine Empire under Justinian

6. Justinian's Achievements • Justinian • Attempts reconquest of Italy • Slavs, Persians attack from east • Building projects • Hagia Sophia • Legal codification

7. Arab Pressure and the Empire's Defenses • Center of empire shifts to east • Constant external threats • Arab Muslims • Bulgars • Defeated by Basil II, 11th century

8. Byzantine Society and Politics • Emperors resemble Chinese rulers • Court ritual • Head of church and state • Sophisticated bureaucracy • Open to all classes • Provincial governors

9. Byzantine Society and Politics • Economic control • Regulation of food prices, trade • Silk production • Trade network • Asia, Russia, Scandinavia, Europe, Africa • Arts • Creativity in architecture

10. The Split Between Eastern and Western Christianity • The Schism • Separate paths • Patriarch Michael • 1054, attacks Catholic practice • Mutual excommunication

11. The Empire's Decline • Period of decline from 11th century • Seljuk Turks • Take most of Asian provinces • 1071, Manzikert • Byzantine defeat • Slavic states emerge

12. The Empire's Decline • Appeal to West brings crusaders • 1204, Venetian crusaders sack Constantinople • 1453, Constantinople taken by Ottoman Turks • 1461, empire gone

13. The Byzantine Empire, 1000-1100

14. The Spread of Civilization in Eastern Europe • Influence through conquest, conversion, trade • Cyril, Methodius, to Slavs • Cyrillic script

15. The East Central Borderlands • Competition from Catholics and Orthodox Greeks • Catholics • Czechs, Hungary, Poland • Regional monarchies prevail • Jews from western Europe

16. The Emergence of Kievan Rus' • New Patterns of Trade • Slavs from Asia • Iron working, extend agriculture • Mix with earlier populations • Family tribes, villages • Kingdoms • Animistic

17. The Emergence of Kievan Rus' • New Patterns of Trade • 6th, 7th centuries • Scandinavian merchants • Trade between Byzantines and the North • c. 855, monarchy under Rurik • Center at Kiev • Vladimir I (980-1015) • Converts to Orthodoxy • Controls church

18. East European Kingdoms and Slavic Expansion, c. 1000

19. Institutions and Culture inKievan Rus' • Influenced by Byzantine patterns • Orthodox influence • Ornate churches • Icons • Monasticism • Art, literature dominated by religion, royalty • Free farmers predominant

20. Institutions and Culture inKievan Rus' • Boyars, landlords • Less powerful than in the West

21. Kievan Decline • Decline from 12th century • Rival governments • Succession struggles • Asian conquerors • Mongols (Tartars) • 13th century, take territory • Traditional culture survives

22. The End of an Era inEastern Europe • Mongol invasions usher in new period • East and West further separated

23. Global Connections:Eastern Europe and the World • Byzantine Empire differed from Russia • Byzantium a link in long-distance trade • Russia turned towards the West • Dependent on Byzantium • Decline of Byzantium leads to isolation for Russia