1 / 28

LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT

LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT. June 17, 2008. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT. Physical development Intellectual/Cognitive development Moral development Social development. DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. The study of how people grow, mature and change over the life span. Basic Developmental Questions.

brendaposey
Download Presentation

LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT June 17, 2008

  2. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT • Physical development • Intellectual/Cognitive development • Moral development • Social development

  3. DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY • The study of how people grow, mature and change over the life span

  4. Basic Developmental Questions Two Major Ways to Conduct Research Cross-sectional Studies People of different ages are tested and compared Longitudinal Studies The same people are tested at different times to track changes related to age

  5. Developmental Psychology – stage theories • Occur in chronological order • Represent particular type of thinking/view of the world • Progress one stage at a time - “NO JUMPING” • One stage builds on the other • Development is abrupt qualitative not quantitative • Universally, same sequence

  6. DEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGISTS • Jean Piaget – Cognitive Development • Lawrence Kohlberg – Development of Moral Reasoning • Erik Erikson – Personal Identity Development • Robert Kegan – The Evolving Self

  7. The Infant and Growing ChildCognitive DevelopmentPiaget’s Theory • Schemas • In Piaget’s theory, mental representations of the world that guide the processes of assimilation and accommodation • Assimilation • The process of incorporating and, if necessary, changing new information to fit existing schemas • Accommodation • The process of modifying existing schemas in response to new information

  8. The Infant and Growing Child Cognitive DevelopmentPiaget’s Stages of Development • Stages of Development • Each stage is qualitatively different from others • Ages for stage transitions are approximate • Sensorimotor • Preoperational • Concrete Operational • Formal Operational

  9. Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development

  10. SPHERES OF INFLUENCE • The social interactions we experience, assimilate and accommodate, during our various stages of development

  11. WHAT WERE/ARE YOUR SPHERES OF INFLUENCE? • Sensory motor stage (0-2) • Preoperational Stage (2-6) • Concrete Operational Stage (7-12) • Formal Operational Stage (12- adult

  12. AdolescenceSocial and Personal Development • Peer Influences • Adolescent relationships are intimate. • Adolescents begin to discover friendships with other-sex peers. • Conformity rises steadily with age, peaks in ninth grade, and then declines.

  13. MORAL DEVELOPMENT – learning right from wrong • KOHLBERG’S Stage Theory of Moral Development

  14. KOHLBERG’S STAGE THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT • Preconventional Level (2 stages) • 1. Obedience and Punishment • 2. Individualism, Instrumentalism & Exchange. • Conventional Level (2 stages) • 3. Good boy/girl • 4. Law and Order • Postconventional Level (2 stages) • 5. Social Contract • 6. Principled Conscience

  15. Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning • Most 7-10 year olds are reasoning at the preconventional level. • Most 13-16 year olds are reasoning at the conventional level. • Few participants show reasoning indicative of the postconventional level.

  16. DEVELOPING SOCIALLY • Key Terms • Temperament • Attachment

  17. ATTACHMENT • STRONG EMOTIONAL TIES FORMED TO ONE OR MORE INTIMATE COMPANIONS • Need for early attachment is absolutely CRITICAL to survival

  18. ATTACHMENT - types • Secure attachment • Resistant attachment • Avoidant attachment

  19. TEMPERAMENT - ATTACHMENT Child’s temperament Parent’s temperament REACTIONS ATTACHMENT Contact comfort Ego boundaries, sense of self in the world, self esteem, self confidence

  20. Stage Theories of Development: Personality • Stage theories, three components • progress through stages in order • progress through stages related to age • major discontinuities in development

  21. ERIKSON’S FORMATION OF PERSONAL IDENTITY • Erik Erikson (1963) • Eight stages spanning the lifespan • Psychosocial crises determining balance between opposing polarities in personality

  22. THE EVOLVING SELFRobert Kegan • Notions of the Person • Is as much an activity as a thing • Construct our own realities; meaning making creatures • Move through periods of stability and change • Have two great yearnings that exist in a life long tension; to be included and to be independent

  23. THE EVOLVING SELFRobert Kegan • Notions about development • Evolutionary motion • Focuses on changes in way people differentiate between their sense of self and their environment – BOUNDARY ISSUES • Life long process of differentiation and integration • Movement to make meaning, resolve discrepancies, preserve and enhance personal integrity • Movement out of embeddedness

  24. THE EVOLVING SELFRobert Kegan • Notions about development (cont’d) • Driven by responding to complex world – encountering and resolving disequilibrium • Each stage is a theory of the previous stage • Includes moving back and forth between inclusion and independence • We revisit issues but on new levels of complexity

  25. THE EVOLVING SELFRobert Kegan • Spiral model of development • Incorporative Self – Stage 0, ending around age 2 • Self is: Reflexes (seeing and moving) • Self has: No separable objects to have • Impulsive Self - Stage 1, ending age 5 -7 • Self is: Impulses and perceptions • Self has: Reflexes • Imperial Self – Stage 2, ending between 12-16 • Self is: Needs, interests, wishes • Self has: Impulses and perceptions

  26. THE EVOLVING SELFRobert Kegan • Spiral model of development • Interpersonal Self – Stage 3 • Self is: interpersonal, mutual with other people • Self has: Needs, interests and wishes • Institutional Self – Stage 4 • Self is: Identity, “psychic administration”, ideology • Self has: Relationships with others • Interindividual Self – Stage 5 • Self is: A weaving of personal systems • Self has: Identity, psychic administration, ideology

  27. RECAP/REVIEW • Stage Theories of Development • Piaget – Cognitive Development • Kohlberg – Moral Development • Erikson – Theories of Personal • Kegan - Development/Social Development

More Related