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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. LG: I can explain each phase of digestion and explain the role of each organ in the process. 4 main parts to digestion. 1) INGESTION Food is taken into the body. 2) DIGESTION - Food is broken down physically ( chewing, grinding)

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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM LG: I can explain each phase of digestion and explain the role of each organ in the process

  2. 4 main parts to digestion 1) INGESTION • Food is taken into the body. 2) DIGESTION- • Food is broken down • physically (chewing, grinding) • chemically (reactions using enzymes) 3) ABSORPTION- • Nutrients diffuse or are moved into the blood and made available to cells 4) ELIMINATION- • Solid wastes pass from the digestive system out of the body. Entire process from INGESTION to ELIMINATION takes about 20-30 hours.

  3. Step 1 Ingestion takes place as food enters the mouth. Digestion begins with chewing, as the tongue, teeth and saliva break down the food (physical and chemical digestion)

  4. Step 2 Esophagus pushes the food into the stomach using wave-like muscular contractions. No digestion takes place here.

  5. Step 3 Stomach muscles contract to mix the food. Stomach releases chemicals and acids to help break down the food. Physical and chemical digestion.

  6. Step 4 Digestion continues in the small intestine. Nutrients from the food are absorbed into the bloodstream here.

  7. Step 5 Undigested food passes into the large intestine where water and some nutrients are reabsorbed.

  8. Step 6 Any undigested materials are called feces. Feces are stored in the rectum and eliminated through the anus.

  9. Health Check! The colour and texture (consistency) of poop can can tell you a lot about your health A quick scan of the toilettells you which materials your digestive system can break down and which it can’t Check before you flush!

  10. Colour Scale • Brown/Green – normal • contains bile pigments • green can mean food is moving too quickly • Yellow – contains fat (usually strong odor) • bile duct blockage prevents fat from being digested • White – contains no pigment • can be a sign of gall stones or pancreatic cancer • Red – contains fresh blood • Hemorrhoids • bleeding in lower digestive tract (no time to clot) • Black – Contains clotted blood (melena) • bleeding in upper digestive tract/ulcers • Iron supplements or high meat diet

  11. Consistency Types 1–2 indicate constipation Types 3-4 ideal Types 5-7 indicate diarrhea

  12. Practice questions 1. Identify four phases of digestion. 2. Show the path that a hamburger follows from the time you eat it, identify each stage digestion and the organs involved. 3. If a person needs to have part of his or her small intestine removed, how might this affect digestion?

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