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Phyla Hemicordata and Chordata

Phyla Hemicordata and Chordata. BIO 2215 Oklahoma City Community College Dennis Anderson. Porifera. Cnidaria. Ctenophora. Platyhelminthes. Gastrotricha. Gnathostomulida. Cycliophora. Rotifera. Annelida. Mollusca. Sipuncula. Nemertea. Bryozoa. Brachiopoda. Phoronida. Arthropoda.

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Phyla Hemicordata and Chordata

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  1. Phyla Hemicordata and Chordata BIO 2215 Oklahoma City Community College Dennis Anderson

  2. Porifera Cnidaria Ctenophora Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Gnathostomulida Cycliophora Rotifera Annelida Mollusca Sipuncula Nemertea Bryozoa Brachiopoda Phoronida Arthropoda Onychophora Tardigrada Nematomorpha Nematoda Priapulida Kinorhyncha Loricifera Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata Adapted from Lesser Known ProtostomePhyla. SICB 2001. J.R. Garey.

  3. Phylum Hemichordata • Three body regions • Proboscis • Collar • Trunk • Deuterostome • Gill slits • Open circulatory system • Dorsal and ventral nerve cord

  4. Phylum Chordata

  5. Phylum Chordata • Notochord • Gill slits or pharyngeal pouches • Dorsal hollow nerve cord • Postanal tail • Segmented muscles • Deuterostome

  6. Chordate Subphyla Phylum. Chordata Subphylum. Urochordata Subphylum. Cephalochordata Subphylum. Vertebrata

  7. Subphylum Urochordata • Sea squirts • Notochord • Only in larva • Adult has tunic

  8. Urochordates Mouth Atrium Pharyngeal gill slits Stomach

  9. Subphylum Cephalochordata • Amphioxus • Notochord length of body • Dorsal hollow nerve cord • Gill slits • Segmented muscles

  10. Subphylum Vertebrata • Vertebrae replace notochord during embryonic development

  11. Fig. 48.8

  12. Superclass Agnatha • No jaws • No paired appendages • Notochord as adult

  13. Ostracoderms • Earliest vertebrate • Paleozoic era • Filter feeders

  14. Hagfish and Lamprey

  15. Parasites

  16. Superclass Gnathostomata • Jaws • Paired appendages

  17. Fig. 48.13

  18. Class Condrichthyes • Cartilage skeleton • Notochord • No opercula • No swim bladder

  19. Class Osteichthyes • Boney skeleton • Swim bladder • Opercula

  20. Fig. 48.16

  21. Subclass Actinopterygii • Rays in fins

  22. Adipose Fin Dorsal Fin Pelvic Fin Caudal Fin Pectoral Fin Anal Fin Salmon

  23. Subclass Dipneusti • Breathe air when lake or river dries up

  24. Subclass Crossopterygii* • Coelacanth • Lobed fins • muscles *Class Sarcopterygii Order Crossopterygii

  25. Class Amphibia • Land and water • Skin with mucoid secretions • Respiration • No scales, feathers or hair • Heart with 3 chambers • 2 atria • 1 ventricle • One cervical vertebra • Ectothermic

  26. Transitional Tetrapods Skull, teeth, limbs similar to lobe-finned fish Acanthostega Ichthyostega

  27. Order Caudata (Urodela) • Salamanders • Long tail • Four legs

  28. Order Anura • Frogs and toads • No tail in adult • Webbed feet

  29. Order Apoda (Gymnophiona) • Caecilian • No legs

  30. Class Reptilia • Scales • Amniotic egg • One occipital condyle • Ectothermic • Three chambered heart • Claws

  31. Amniotic Egg

  32. Reptile Skulls • Anapsid • No opening • Synapsid • One opening • Diapsid • Two openings • Euryapsid • One small opening

  33. Anapsids • Turtles

  34. Diapsids • Dinosaurs • Snakes • Lizards • Crocodilians • Birds

  35. Euryapsid • Extinct • Ichythyosaurs

  36. Synapsids • Pelycosaurs • Dimetrodon • Mammal like reptile

  37. Order Testudines • No teeth in adult • Shell • Anapsid • No teeth

  38. Turtle Shell Carapace Plastron

  39. Lifespan 150 Years

  40. Leatherback Sea Turtle • 6 feet long • 1,400 pounds

  41. Order Squamata • Kinetic skull • Movable joints • Lizards • Snakes • Dinosaurs

  42. Geckos • Small lizards • Adhesive toe pads

  43. Texas Horned Lizard • Spines for protection • Eats ants • Endangered species

  44. Gila Monster • Poisonous lizard • Not very aggressive

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