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Principles of Immunology The Inflammatory Process 4/6/06

Principles of Immunology The Inflammatory Process 4/6/06. "Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by those special moments that take our breath away." Anonymous. Word/Terms List. Acute phase proteins Cell adhesion molecules Chemotaxis HEVs ICAMs Integrins Mucins

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Principles of Immunology The Inflammatory Process 4/6/06

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  1. Principles of ImmunologyThe Inflammatory Process4/6/06 "Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by those special moments that take our breath away." Anonymous

  2. Word/Terms List • Acute phase proteins • Cell adhesion molecules • Chemotaxis • HEVs • ICAMs • Integrins • Mucins • Selectins

  3. Inflammatory Process A localized tissue response Triggered by trauma and/or antigenic insult May include systemic effects Characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain Principalcells are leukocytes and macrophages

  4. Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs) • Required for extravasation • Neutrophil extravasation • Lymphocyte extravasation

  5. Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs) • Selectins • Glycoproteins • Bind to carbohydrates • Expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells • Mucins • Proteins • Present CHO ligands to selectins • Present on endothelial cells and neutrophils • Integrins • Proteins; heterodimers • Expressed on leukocytes • Bind to Ig superfamily molecules • ICAMs • Ig CAMs • Expressed on endothelial cells • Bind to integrins

  6. Margination and Extravasation • Rolling • Activation • Arrest • Transendothelial migration

  7. Overview of Inflammation • Cells involved • Monocytes/macrophages • Neutrophils • Mediators • Histamine • Cytokines • Kinins • Vascular changes • Dilation • Increased permeability • Complement

  8. Effects of Macrophage Cytokines • IL-1, IL-6, TNF alpha • Pyrogenic • Vascular permeability • Expression of CAMs • T and B cell activation • Ig synthesis

  9. Systemic Changes • Fever • Acute phase proteins • Leukocytosis

  10. Interferon Effects • T Helper induction • Macrophage activation • MHC expression • NK cytotoxicity • B cell activation

  11. Lymphocyte Extravasation • Naïve lymphocytes • Occurs in secondary lymphoid organs • Occurs in high endothelial venules (HEVs) • Lymphocte homing

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