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Abolition

Abolition. If the Union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to break John Quincy Adams. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs. Reformers . Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress .

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Abolition

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  1. Abolition If the Union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to break John Quincy Adams

  2. Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs • Reformers. • Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress. • Mostly came from the middle-class, who were already reforming prisons, education, equality for women, mental health, government, and services for the poor. Susan B. Anthony http://ncwhs.oah.org/images/YoungSusanB.jpg

  3. Background of AbolitionistsMishMosh of Beliefs • Political reasons. • Democrats protested the denial of political and civil rights to blacks. • By 1805, all of the Northern states had either outlawed slavery or set out gradual emancipation. • Northerners believed that the slave South was gaining power and trying to push north of the Missouri Compromise line. Map of US after MO Compromise http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/images/enan_0001_0002_0_img0141.jpg

  4. Background of AbolitionistsKey Terms • Emancipation. • Freeing of slaves. • Abolition. • The immediate and total end of slavery. An Emancipated Slave http://eprentice.sdsu.edu/S03X2/pasenelli/Emancipation.jpg

  5. Abolitionist OpinionsColonization • Benjamin Lundy. • Quaker publisher, tried to persuade Southerners to free their slaves. • Once freed, he explored the possibility of colonization in Canada or Haiti. Benjamin Lundy http://images.virtualology.com/ac/4/i/ency0027.jpg

  6. Abolitionist OpinionsColonization • 1817, American Colonization Society. • Gradual emancipation of slaves, with freed slaves to be sent to colonies in Africa. • Founded the colony of Liberia. • Would be a long and expensive process. • Slave owners would have to voluntarily take a loss. Liberia http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=62283&rendTypeId=4

  7. Frederick Douglas • runaway slave • self – educated • wrote and spoke the evils of slavery

  8. Quote

  9. Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves: Frederick Douglass • Background. • Most well-known escaped slave. • Learned to read and write and mastered a trade while a slave. • Earned enough money from lectures and writing to send to his former master and legally purchase his freedom. • Became part of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. • Would associate with leading abolitionists of the time period. Frederick Douglass http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/images/4fred16b.jpg

  10. Freedom Child

  11. Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves: Frederick Douglass • Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. • Freedom required not only emancipation, but also full social and economic equality. Frederick Douglass http://www.ls.cc.al.us/blackhistory/douglass2.jpg

  12. Abolitionist OpinionsFormer Slaves: Frederick Douglass • Changing opinions. • Originally wanted emancipation by violent means. • Late 1840s, decides to break with the “radical abolitionists.” • Believed that the Constitution needed to be upheld. • If it was not, then emancipation meant nothing because blacks would not be treated as equals. • Destroy slavery by working within the system. Frederick Douglass http://img.timeinc.net/time/2002/bhm/history/images/douglas.jpg

  13. Quote

  14. Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison • Assistant of Benjamin Lundy, would become a leading abolitionist. • Became leader of the radical view. • Wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves. • Did not care about the political, social, and economic consequences. William Lloyd Garrison http://images.acswebnetworks.com/1/934/garrison_portrait.jpg

  15. Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison • Refused to engage in political activity to end slavery. • Compromises have failed in the past. • Laws made to protect slavery were illegal under God’s law. • Prepared to destroy the Union to gain their ends. William Lloyd Garrison http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/William_garrison.jpg/250px-William_garrison.jpg

  16. Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison • Garrison was so radical that he burned the Constitution. • Called it an “agreement with Hell.” William Lloyd Garrison http://www.arfalpha.com/PushToTheFront/Volume1_HTM/41e4c670.jpg

  17. Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison • The Liberator. • Key abolitionist newspaper. • Extremely controversial in both the North and the South. • Would be banned in the South. • Set out the reasons for abolition in a graphic manner. William Lloyd Garrison http://www.olemiss.edu/courses/his105/images/liberator.jpg

  18. Abolitionist OpinionsWilliam Lloyd Garrison • Importance of Garrison. • Did not have many followers, but opened up new views on abolition. • Abolition was not a reform movement, but a revolution. • Achieving racial equality, not just ending slavery, will lead to the true goal: full justice for blacks. • Saw blacks as true equals. • Supported the efforts of female abolitionists and the women’s rights movement.

  19. Harper’s Ferry (1859) • led by John Brown • wanted to free slaves • stormed the arsenal • convicted of treason and murder • Bought attention to slavery again

  20. Slave Resistance & Uprisings

  21. Slave Resistance • “SAMBO” pattern of behavior used as a charade in front of whites [the innocent, laughing black man caricature – bulging eyes, thick lips, big smile, etc.].

  22. Slave Resistance • Refusal to work hard. • Isolated acts of sabotage. • Escape via the Underground Railroad.

  23. Runaway Slave Ads

  24. Slave Rebellions Throughout the Americas

  25. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South Gabriel Prosser1800 1822

  26. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South: Nat Turner, 1831

  27. Southern Pro-SlaveryPropaganda

  28. Follow the Drinking Gourd

  29. A. Underground Railroad • not underground • not a railroad

  30. 3. What was it? • a system of loosely organized group of people working against slavery and for freedom • Approximately 100,000 slaves escaped on the Underground Railroad • operated from early 1800s through the Civil War

  31. 4. Special Terms • conductors – people who helped guide escaping slaves to freedom • most famous: Harriet Tubman • stations – safe house (hiding places) • Heaven, Promise Land, Canaan= Canada • Passengers, Cargo – fugitive slaves • station masters – person in charge of the hiding places • Big Dipper / North Star were used

  32. 5. Maps were not used . . . • routes were passed on through songs and quilts • Follow the Drink Gourd

  33. Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.

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