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Chp . 9.1 & 9.2 Notes Surface Water Movement & Streams GRAB A NEW NOTES PACKET FOR CHP 9!! Today: 9.1 & 9.2 Notes Book assign, page 221 #1-6. Main Idea. WATER ON EARTH IS IN CONSTANT MOVEMENT OR IS TEMPORARILY BEING STORED, SUCH AS IN CLOUDS, LAKES, OCEANS, GLACIERS. Precipitation.
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Chp. 9.1 & 9.2 Notes Surface Water Movement & Streams GRAB A NEW NOTES PACKET FOR CHP 9!! Today: 9.1 & 9.2 Notes Book assign, page 221 #1-6
Main Idea WATER ON EARTH IS IN CONSTANT MOVEMENT OR IS TEMPORARILY BEING STORED, SUCH AS IN CLOUDS, LAKES, OCEANS, GLACIERS.
Precipitation Describe: Rain, snow, hail, or water that forms via the condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere, then it falls to earth.
Evapotranspiration Define:The evaporation of water from plants & the soil into the atmosphere.
Transpiration Define:Process by which plants release water vapor from their leaves.
Evaporation Define:process by which a liquid become a gas.
Main Idea 2 Freshwater contains less than 1% dissolved salts& it can be found in standing or moving water.
PARTS OF A RiverHead Water Describe:The water sources (springs, lakes, or runoff) from which a river FIRST starts. As water flows downhill: -It flows w/ gravity, picks up speed, sediment, more water The bottom wears away as rocks move along.
Mouth: where a river empties into another body of water, such as lake or the ocean.
The Life of a river! YOUNG RIVERS Movement speed: fast Type of material carried: large rocks (called bed load) Number of tributaries: few Number of meanders: few
Mature Rivers Movement speed: slower Type of material carried: smaller rocks (suspended load) Number of tributaries: many Number of meanders: more
Oxbow lakes Describe formation: At meanders, rivers flows faster along the river’s banks & slower in the middle. --The river banks get eroded into mud & sand. --Mud & sand get deposited on the inside banks & creates meanders. --Eventually, main channel gets cutt off; forms a U-shaped lake.
Old rivers YOUNG RIVER MATURE Movement speed: slow!! Type of material carried: sand and mud Number of tributaries: fewer, but has a wider floodplain Number of meanders: many!!
Main idea #3 Floods can bring rich, fertile soil or devastation!!!!!
Results of flooding Fertile soil Delta FORMATION Define: A delta is alluvial deposits at the mouth of a river. Describe: As bodies of water slow down, they deposit silt, sand, or gravel.
Flood plain Define: Any land area near a river that can get covered w/ water during a flood. They often have very fertile soils used for crop lands. Describe: As precipitation input exceeds the limit of the stream’s banks, water spills over the sides & onto adjacentland. Floodplains often end up w/ sediment, garbage, & destroyed homes.
Devastation Prevention Methods: Levee: An elongated dike or bank that is natural or is man-made from rock/gravel fill or as a wall. It helps regulates levels of nearby water bodies.
More Devastation Prevention Sandbags: Stack these along banks or across a stream to reduce erosion, slow down or divert a stream.
Devastation Prevention #3 Flood Dam: This impounds excess water as a lake or pond so it can be absorbed by soils &plants or it can evaporate faster of a larger surface.
Main Idea #4 A river is not an isolated entity! Many square miles of land interact & are influenced along the slopes & drainage areas of a river.
Watershed Define:Watershed is the land area drained by a stream. Pollution Problems: Logging roads can directly add noticable sediments to a stream (called point-source). A cluster of farms can release so many wastes into streams that you can’t pin-point exactly which one (non-point).
