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The Minor Prophets

The Minor Prophets. Living Messages from the Old Testament Spring 2007. Understanding God His holiness His righteousness His justice His plan. Historical Context Kingdoms Nations. The Minor Prophets: Objectives for Our Study. Application God’s expectations NT connections

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The Minor Prophets

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  1. The Minor Prophets Living Messages from the Old Testament Spring 2007

  2. Understanding God His holiness His righteousness His justice His plan Historical Context Kingdoms Nations The Minor Prophets: Objectives for Our Study • Application • God’s expectations • NT connections • Personal conviction

  3. The Minor Prophets: Background Information • Old Covenant Instructors: • Lawgiver (Moses, Neh 8:1,14; Jn 1:17; 7:19) • Priests (Lev 10:8-11; Hos 4:6; Eze 22:26; Mal 2:7) • Psalmists/Poets (2 Sam 23:1; 1 Chr 6:33) • Prophets: Communicators of the Word of God • Influenced/inspired by the Holy Spirit: Spokesmen for others, seers, men of god, servants, messengers, watchmen • 2 Pet 1:21; Jer 20:7-9

  4. The Minor Prophets: Background Information • Major Prophets: • Isaiah • Jeremiah • Lamentations • Ezekiel • Daniel

  5. The Minor Prophets: Historical Timeline • Ninth Century B.C. (Early Assyrian Period) • Obadiah (~845 B.C.) • Joel (~830 B.C.) • Jonah (790-750 B.C.) Historical Notes: • Divided Kingdom • Assyria beginning to assert itself in Israel

  6. The Minor Prophets: Historical Timeline • Eighth Century B.C. (Assyrian Period) • Amos (~755 B.C.) • Hosea (750-725 B.C.) • Micah (735-700 B.C.) Historical Notes: • Israel taken into Assyrian captivity (722 B.C.) • Parallel to the book of Isaiah; proclaiming God’s message as Israel was being overtaken by Assyria

  7. The Minor Prophets: Historical Timeline • Seventh Century B.C. (Chaldean Period) • Zephaniah (630-625 B.C.) • Nahum (625-612 B.C.) • Habakkuk (625-605 B.C.) Historical Notes: • Assyria eventually defeated by Chaldeans (Babylon) • Parallel to the book of Jeremiah; God’s message delivered as Judah was threatened by Babylon

  8. The Minor Prophets: Historical Timeline • Sixth & Fifth Centuries B.C. (Exile/Post-Exile) • Haggai (520 B.C.) • Zechariah (520-518 B.C.) • Malachi (~440 B.C.) Historical Notes: • Babylonian captivity; Ezekiel & Daniel deliver God’s message during captivity • These minor prophets speak after return from Babylon • Encourage Jews to rebuild temple • Reform the priesthood

  9. The Minor Prophets: Considerations • Political, social, religious conditions and contexts of the times • Immediate mission of prophets usually involved attempts to save God’s people from idolatry/wickedness • Additional prophetic messages include hope for the future, Messianic promises, and the eternal Kingdom.

  10. The Minor Prophets: Messages & Themes • The holiness of God • The inspiration of God’s word (scripture) • The horrors of sin; God’s forgiveness • Punishment & mercy • Reverence & respect for God; proper worship

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