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On the Road to the Medical Field

On the Road to the Medical Field . Leticia Nieto, Loyola University Chicago Matt Sheahan , Bloom Trail High School Joe Serdar , Loyola University Chicago. Where Are We?. 2010 Census: Population 308.7 million 9.7 % increase since 2000 Baby Boomer generation retiring 

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On the Road to the Medical Field

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  1. On the Road to the Medical Field Leticia Nieto, Loyola University Chicago Matt Sheahan, Bloom Trail High School Joe Serdar, Loyola University Chicago

  2. Where Are We? • 2010 Census: Population 308.7 million 9.7% increase since 2000 • Baby Boomer generation retiring  • Decreased access to health care among underserved populations • Continued heated debate on health care reform • Americans living longer 

  3. Where We Are Headed • By 2018, health care will generate 3.2 million jobs across all fields • US depends on international medical schools for 30% of their residents and fellows. • Increased demand for qualified students!!!

  4. Is this the right way? • Working with people (animals) of all kind • Working in a team/independently • Comfortable/proficient in science • Familiar with the work that is actually done day-to-day • Time!! • Student loans!!

  5. Changing Directions: It’s not the end of the road • Careers in the health care industry are not just for doctors and nurses • Assist with patients, work in labs, work in a pharmacy, maintain records, and manage offices • Years of study can range from 2 to 10+

  6. There Is More Than One Destination Allied Health Professions • EMT/Paramedic • Dental Hygienist • Medical Aide • Healthcare Interpreter • Home Care Assistant • Medical Assistant • Nurses Assistant • Medical Coder/Biller • Pharmacy Technician • Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) • Optician • Veterinary Assistant • Salary Range • $19K to $35K+ • Time of Study • 1-3 Years • Demand will increase an avg of 35% by 2016* *Department of Labor Statistics

  7. There Is More Than One Destination • Nursing • Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) • Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) • Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) • Registered Nurse (RN) • Bachelors in Nursing (BSN) • Accelerated BSN • Nurse Practitioner (NP) • Salary Range • $25K to $75K+ • Time of Study • 1-8 Years • BSN (674) RN to BSN (650) Accelerated BSN (223) LPN to BSN (151)

  8. There Is More Than One Destination • Pre-Med • 16,000 students graduate with an M.D. every year, 3,000 graduate with D.O. • 20% of all new U.S. medical students are studying at a college of osteopathic medicine. • Many physicians and surgeons work long, irregular hours. • Acceptance to medical school is highly competitive. • Job opportunities should be very good, particularly in rural and low-income areas. • Salary Range • $75K to $150K+ • Time of Study • 11+ years • Median Tuition (including living expenses) • State School: $44,000 • Private School: $62,000 • M.D. (133 US, 17 Canadian) D.o (26) B.s/M.D (5%) American Association of Colleges of Nursing

  9. There Is More Than One Destination • Dentistry 8+ years • Optometry 8+ years • Podiatry 8+ years • Veterinary8 years • Pharmacy6-8 years • Physical Therapy 7 years • Physicians Assistant3 -6 years • Other Pre-Health • Salary Range • $75K to $150K+

  10. There Is More Than One Destination • Related Fields • Clinical Lab Sciences • 4 yr degree in sciences • Health Systems Management • 4+ years • Social Worker • 54 percent of jobs are in healthcare and social assistance industries • M.SW. highly recommended or even required. • Median Income: $53,000 • Median Income: $80,000 • Median Income: $39,000

  11. High School Advising for Pre-Med Matt Sheahan Counselor Bloom Trail High School Chicago Heights, IL

  12. I wanted to be a doctor . . .

  13. What influences our students?

  14. Realistic Expectations I want to be a doctor, but . . . • I am failing bio • I just don’t like math/science • I don’t test well • I don’t care about my classes beyond math and science • I don’t like school

  15. Realistic Expectations • Time commitment • 4 years in undergrad • 4 years in Medical School • 3-7 years in Residency 11 – 15 years of training! Nearly as long as most of our students have been alive

  16. Realistic Expectations • Cost • In 1992, the average debt of a medical doctor after residency was $25,000. For the class of 2009, the average debt of a medical student is $157,990 and 25.1% of students had debt in excess of $200,000. These figures have increased between 5-6% per year over the last decade.

  17. Realistic Expectations • Attrition • It is estimated that between 80% to 90% of all students that indicate an interest in Pre Med while in college will never actually apply to medical school • Only half of those that take the MCAT will apply to medical school • Just over 40% of those who apply to medical school are accepted • In 2010/2011 there are 42,742 applicants for only 18,665 spots

  18. Realistic Expectations • Academic Performance • Grade performance in high school is the best predictor of academic success in college • Competitive candidates for med school admission are expected to have an overall GPA > 3.5, but also a math/science GPA >3.5

  19. Academic Advising for Pre Med in High School From the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) • Medical school admission requirements vary from school to school. In general, most medical schools will expect applicants to have completed the following types of courses: • One year of biology • One year of physics • One year of English • Two years of chemistry (through organic chemistry) • In addition 40% of medical schools require Calculus to be taken at the college level • The humanities are also important. Humanities majors are admitted to medical schools at a much higher rate than life science majors

  20. Academic Advising • For students interested in Pre Med it is important they take a comprehensive college-preparatory curriculum in high school including: • Biology • Chemistry • Physics • Pre-Calculus

  21. AP Courses? • It is good for students to take AP coursework as it should give you the most comprehensive foundation in a particular subject area, however transferring in credit from AP examinations may actually hurt a student when applying to medical school • “Some medical schools do accept Advanced Placement credit to satisfy pre-med admissions requirements, many do not. Nor are the individual schools entirely clear or consistent on this matter. Even if a certain medical or health professional school does accept AP credit, you will be a much stronger candidate for admission if you take your science courses in college.” http://premed.georgetown.edu/courses/apcredits/

  22. Testing • Obviously testing poorly will limit a student’s opportunities for college admission • Unfortunately the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), a standardized test, is a critical component of medical school admission • Generally, to be considered competitive for med school admission students are expected to score a 30 on the three part multiple choice portion of the test with no subscores below a 9

  23. MCAT “There is probably no single more important criterion for admission to medical school today that your performance on the MCAT. Because it is hard for admission committees to rate one college against another, the MCAT provides a level standard by which all candidates may be compared. The MCAT is one path in the admissions process that everyone must follow.” --Sanford J. Brown, Getting into medical school: the premedical student's guidebook

  24. College Counseling for Pre Med • Students need to know that they must complete an undergraduate degree first • Similarly students can not major in obstetrics, psychiatry, or cardiology while in college. • Nor will their major be “Pre-Med” • Students can major in anything, science related or otherwise, provided they are also taking the necessary preparatory classes for medical school

  25. College Counseling for Pre Med • Just because an undergraduate program is more competitive for admission does not mean it will provide a better pre-medical education • Students are admitted to med school based on their own merits • Students with lesser credentials are not given an advantage for having gone to a “better” school

  26. College Counseling for Pre Med • What to look for in a Pre Medical program • Strong science programs • Excellent lab resources • Opportunities to interact and engage with faculty • Established and comprehensive pre med advising program • Opportunities to explore your passions outside of the sciences • Meaningful service/volunteer opportunities • Dual Degree and Accelerated Programs • http://services.aamc.org/currdir/

  27. Resources to Explore the Medical Field While Still in High School • Summer Programs • http://services.aamc.org/summerprograms/ • Summer Medical and Dental Education Program (SMDEP) • http://www.smdep.org/ • National Youth Leadership Forum in Medicine • http://nylf.org/med/ • LeadAmerica • http://www.lead-america.org/conferences/cslc/medicine.asp • Volunteer at local hospital, clinic or assistive care facility

  28. Resources Aspiring Docs http://www.aspiringdocs.org/ Association of American Medical Colleges https://www.aamc.org/students/ Brown, Sanford J. Getting into medical school: The premedical student's guidebook

  29. Once They’re In… What to expect as an undergrad

  30. Medical Education “…A sick patient does not represent a biochemistry problem, an anatomy problem, a genetic problem, or an immunology problem rather, each person is the product of myriad molecular, cellular, genetic, environmental, and social influences that interact in complex ways to determine health and disease.” -New England Journal of Medicine, 2008

  31. What Does It Take?-Nursing Nursing-Accredited Programs for BSN -Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) -National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC)

  32. What Does It Take?-Nursing “…Curriculum includes cultural, ethnic and socially diverse concepts…” NLNAC Standards and Criteria-BSN programs, 2008

  33. What Does It Take?-Nursing Traditional - 2 Years of prereqs - Internal application to nursing Direct Entry - Begins nursing classes earlier - Still takes similar prereqs

  34. What Does It Take?-Nursing Traditional Freshman & Sophomore -Biology, Chemistry, Anatomy - Writing, Psychology, Statistics Junior & Senior -Nursing Theory & Practice -Clinical Rotations

  35. What Does It Take?-Nursing Direct Entry Freshman & Sophomore - Writing, Psychology, Statistics - Biology, Chemistry, Anatomy - Intro to nursing, intro to theory, simulation Junior & Senior -Advanced theory & practice -Clinical Rotations -Remaining liberal arts courses

  36. What Does It Take?-Nursing Licensing - Done through state boards - Standardized national exam -NCLEX (Spring/summer of senior year) -Computer-based test of practical nursing knowledge and general cognitive ability -85% Pass rate for US college educated nursing candidates

  37. What Does It Take?-PreProfessional Freshman 1 Year General Biology* 1 Year General Chemistry* 1 Year Mathematics English *Must have labs

  38. What Does It Take?-PreProfessional Sophomore 1 Year Physics* 1 Year Organic Chemistry* English *Must have labs KNOW YOUR PROFESSORS!

  39. What Does It Take?-PreProfessional Junior Entrance Exams & Application School/Program Specific Requirements -Genetics -Biochemistry -Physiology & Anatomy -Ethics

  40. What Does It Take?-PreProfessional Senior Supplementary Applications -short answer and essay -letters of recommendation Prepare for Interviews

  41. What’s the Best Major? “But a liberal arts education is a key ingredient to becoming a physician, so it's important for your college experience to be well-rounded.” -Association of American Medical Colleges, “Getting Into Medical School”

  42. Outside the Classroom Three Questions from Loyola’s Supplemental Application For the Stritch School of Medicine -How did you reach your decision to enter medicine? Describe your participation in any health care or other activities which reinforced your decision. -Describe briefly how you have dealt with a personal or academic problem you have encountered. -Please provide information on experience working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. What were they? And how did they affect you?

  43. Outside the Classroom Exploring Medicine -Lifelong Career, MUST demonstrate interest -A few weeks shadowing a relative or family friend is not enough -Sustained involvement with genuine interest and resume padding are easy to distinguish

  44. The Successful Applicant In Any Professional Program -Success in the classroom, experience outside it -Passion for the field, matched with ability -Communication skills and independent thinking

  45. Questions?

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