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Cell Anatomy: Understanding the Basics of Cell Organelles

Explore the fascinating world of cell biology with an introductory guide to cell organelles. Learn about the Cell Theory, the role of organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, and understand the functions of cell structures like the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Discover the importance of DNA and chromosomes in cell activities and delve into the differences between plant and animal cells. Enhance your knowledge with engaging photos and diagrams of cell organelles.

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Cell Anatomy: Understanding the Basics of Cell Organelles

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  1. CELLS

  2. Robert Hooke • Robert Hooke- 1st person to view a cell under a microscope, given credit for naming cells.

  3. CELL THEORY • Cell Theory- made up of three parts 1. Cells are basic building block of all living things 2. All life activities take place in cells 3. New cells are produced by existing cells

  4. Cell Organelles

  5. Cell Organelles • Organelle- tiny structures that carry out cell activities

  6. Cell Membrane • Cell Membrane- surrounds the cell and controls what goes in and out of the cell Semi-permeable acts much like a filter or screen - some things pass, others cannot

  7. Nuclear Membrane • Nuclear Membrane- Surrounds the nucleus and controls materials moving in and out of the nucleus

  8. Nucleus • Nucleus- control center of the cell, directs all the cell’s activities Contains DNA Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope Usually one per cell

  9. Cytoplasm • Cytoplasm- Jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains the other parts of the cell

  10. Chromosomes • Chromosome- Holds the instructions for all traits of a cell

  11. DNA • DNA- chemical found in the chromosomes, that directs life activities, “Blueprint of Life”

  12. Mitochondria • Mitochondria- Stores and releases the energy “Powerhouse of the cell”

  13. Chloroplast • Chloroplast- Contains chlorophyll that absorbs energy from the sun to help the plant make food

  14. Cell Wall • Cell Wall- Stiff outer layer that protects and gives a plant cell its’ shape Found in plant cells

  15. Vacuoles • Vacuoles- Storage container for water, food, wastes Larger vacuoles usually in plant cells Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells

  16. Quick Review • Which organelle is the control center of the cell? • Which organelle holds the cell together? • Which organelles are not found in animal cells? • Which organelle helps plant cells make food?

  17. Enjoy these photos and diagrams of the cell organelles!

  18. …the Cell Wall

  19. Mitochondria!

  20. The nucleus with other structures…

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