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Understanding the Digital Divide: Patterns of Internet Adoption and Use

This presentation explores the development of a cyberinfrastructure and digital divides in the Information Society, with a focus on Internet adoption and usage patterns in Britain and other countries. It examines factors shaping access and choices, including gender, age, and interests.

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Understanding the Digital Divide: Patterns of Internet Adoption and Use

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  1. :Observing the Information Society:What Do We Not Know? Bill Dutton with Hsiao-hui Chen, Martin Dimov, Jianbin Jin Oxford Internet Institute (OII) University of Oxford www.ox.ac.uk Presentation for Seminar ‘Observing the Information Society in Portugal: State of the Art, Lisbon, 13 December 2006.

  2. Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS) • 2003 and 2005 • Cross-sectional surveys versus panels • Probability sample of England, Scotland & Wales • Respondents: 14 year olds and older • Face-to-face interviews • Sponsorship from Hefce, AOL, BT, Ofcom, and Wanadoo (Orange)

  3. Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)

  4. The World Internet Project • The World Internet Project (WIP) - Initiated 2000, UCLA, now at USC - Data for 22 nations (and expanding) - www.worldinternetproject.net • Britain: Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)

  5. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure

  6. Centrality of the Internet in Britain, 2000-05 Source: Oxford Internet Survey: www.oii.ox.ac.uk

  7. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure • Digital Divides Shaping Access

  8. Percent Internet Use, circa 2005 ______________________________________________________ Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  9. Percent Internet Users, 2003-5 ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  10. Has Internet adoption reached a plateau? Adoption in Britain (2003–2005) OxIS 2003: N=2,029 (All respondents); OxIS 2005: N=2,185 (All respondents)

  11. Broadband connection per household with Internet access (2003-2005) OxIS 2003: N= 1,172 (Households with Internet access); OxIS 2005: N = 1,330 (Households with Internet access)

  12. Percent Who Use the Internet: Lowest and Highest Economic Quartiles, circa 2005 ______________________________________________________________________ Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  13. Patterns of the Digital Divide in Britain

  14. Digital Divide in Portugal Patterns of Digital Divides in Portugal

  15. Patterns of Digital Divides in Bulgaria Divide in Bulgaria Source: eBulgaria survey, 2005, Vitosha Research £1 = 2,63 BGN

  16. Patterns of Digital Divides in Hong Kong Divide in Bulgaria

  17. Patterns of Digital Divides in Macao Divide in Bulgaria

  18. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure • Digital Divides Shaping Access • Digital Choices: Gender and Age?

  19. Generally speaking, how interested would you say you are in the Internet (2005) N=2,185 (All respondents)

  20. Internet Use by Gender, circa 2005 ____________________________________________________ Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  21. Internet Use by Life Stage, 2003-2005 Pupils: age 14-22 years and in full time education. Working age: employed of any age and all other persons not in employment up to age 55. Retired: 55 or over and not in employment. Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030 – OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185

  22. Interest in the Internet by Age N = 2,185 All respondents

  23. Internet Use by Age, circa 2003 ____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  24. Internet Use by Age, circa 2005 Source: http://www.worldinternetproject.net/

  25. Places of Access by Age N = 1,309 (Current Internet users)

  26. Always On Broadband N = 1,309 (Current Internet users)

  27. Multi-tasking by Age N = 1,309 (Current Internet users)

  28. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure • Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access • Internet, Google or TV Generation • Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use

  29. OxIS 2005 Question On average how often do you…..? • Several times a day • Daily • Weekly • Monthly • Less than monthly • Never

  30. Factors Identified 1) Entertainment (find jokes; play games; download or listen to music; download or watch videos) 2) Information (get information about local events; look for news; look for sport news; check the weather) 3) Banking (paying bills; online banking; investing in stocks or funds) 4) Learning (look up a word definition; look up a fact; look for school information; distant learning) 5) Communication (check email; instant message; send email attachments) 6) Planning (make travel plans; look for jobs; book travel online)

  31. e-Communication (2005) N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)

  32. e-Entertainment (2005) N= 1,309 (Current Internet users)

  33. Use for Information by Expertise

  34. e-Information by Age One Way Anova: F = 3.7, Sig = .001

  35. Look for Health Information by Age N = 1,309 Current Internet Users

  36. e-Banking by Age One Way Anova: F = 9.4, Sig = .000

  37. Use for Entertainment by Age

  38. Mean of Entertainment by Gender

  39. Mean of Entertainment by Gender

  40. Patterns of Use in Britain, 2005

  41. Patterns of Interest in Media Content in Britain, 2005

  42. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure • Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access • Internet, Google or TV Generation • Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use • Developing Trust in an Experience Technology

  43. How reliable and accurate would you rate the information found in/on …. ? Source: OxIS 2003, N = 1717, 1965, 1985; OxIS 2005 N = 1507, 1944, 1886

  44. How much confidence you have in the people running … [What about the Internet? How much confidence to you have in the people providing Internet services?] Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030; OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185

  45. Please tell me how much confidence you have in the following groups of people …[Most people you can communicate with on the Internet.] Source: OxIS 2003, Number of respondents = 2,030; OxIS 2005 Number of respondents = 2,185

  46. Themes of Social Research • The Development of a Cyberinfrastructure • Digital Divides and Choices Shaping Access • Internet, Google or TV Generation • Divides and Choices in Patterns of Use • Developing Trust in an Experience Technology • The Societal Impact: Reconfiguring Access

  47. Perspectives on Social Impacts • Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian

  48. Providing information online (2005) N= 1,309 (Current Internet users) (e) Proxy use

  49. Perspectives on Social Impacts • Technological Determinism: Utopian v Dystopian • Dual Effects

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