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Dive into the world of music rhythms with a focus on beat, rhythm, and syncopation. Learn about famous composers like Beethoven, syncopated styles like ragtime, and modern improvisation techniques. Experience the magic of rhythm in everyday life, from the Bamileke tribe to innovative dance troupes.
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Chapter 4 Find the Beat, Feel the Rhythm
Time in Music • What happens at any given moment in music depends on four fundamentals • Beat – steady, recurring pulse • Rhythm – pace of music through time • Accent – emphasis on musical sound • Meter – duple or triple groups of beats; accent on first beat; creates measures
Coordination in Music • Keeping more than one rhythm going at one time • One or more complex rhythms performed while keeping beat • Piano, organ, drum set, etc.
Metrical Patterns and Melodic Rhythms • Mixing meters • Humans commonly seek patterns in numbers and music • Combine two or more meters to create interesting rhythmic organization • Melodic Rhythm • Distinctive rhythm pattern • Can sense melody without the element of pitch
Ludwig van Beethoven • Born in 1770 in Germany to poor family • Began to study violin and piano at age 4 • First self-employed composer • Three distinct style periods • Became totally deaf in 1815
Rhythms in Everyday Life • Found instruments – ordinary objects used as instruments • STOMP • Modern dance troupe famous for its use of found instruments • Experience music in a different way from unexpected places
Improvisation • Musician makes up music as he performs • Simultaneous composer and performer • Done within musical boundaries • i.e., Elaborate on familiar melody • Key feature in jazz • Direct form of self-expression • Take chances • Think ahead in the music • Among highest forms of human thinking
Rhythms in the Music of the Bamileke • Cameroon, a republic in Africa • Lali (warrior) dance of the Bamileke people • Performed only by males • Preparation and celebration • Ability/skill in in battle, confidence, and manliness; tribal unity and pride
Syncopation • Shifting accents “off the beat” • Accents occur on weaker beats or in between beats • Interruption of steady beat to create unexpected imbalance • Ragtime– American syncopated music style • Popular in early 20th century • Amatuer musicians could buy sheet music • Scott Joplin, Jelly Roll Morton, and Eubie Blake • Syncopated melody over steady beat in bass
Scott Joplin • Born in Texas in 1868 • Taught himself to play piano • Published first collection of rags in 1899 • Ragtime and Joplin fell out of favor before WWI, but rediscovered in 1970s • Works considered American classics
Creative Rythms • Successful long-running dance and drumming acts (STOMP, Blast, Bring in Da Noise) • Unusual sounds, creative rhythms, imaginative showmanship • Blue Man Group • Humor and unusual instruments • (barrels, pipes, etc.) • Several troupes in locations around the world • Use of complex subdivisions of the beat
Accent – the emphasis placed on musical sound Meter – aural aspect of music in which a certain number of beats are grouped together Measure – the division of beats into defined groups separated by a bar line Improvisation – spontaneous musical invention Ostinato – a repeated musical figure Syncopation – deliberate shifts of accent so that it conflicts with the steady beat Vocabulary