1 / 43

Echinoderms

Echinoderms. Examples. Sea stars, sand dollars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers. Echinoderms. Invertebrates Inhabit marine environments Most radially symmetrical No head (cephalization) Exoskeleton Calcium Carbonate Water-vascular system Water filled canals Tube feet

xiang
Download Presentation

Echinoderms

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Echinoderms

  2. Examples • Sea stars, sand dollars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

  3. Echinoderms • Invertebrates • Inhabit marine environments • Most radially symmetrical • No head (cephalization) • Exoskeleton • Calcium Carbonate • Water-vascular system • Water filled canals • Tube feet • Movement, feeding, respiration, excretion

  4. Fish

  5. Phylum: Chordates • Notochord • Dorsal nerve cord • Pharyngeal pouches • Post-anal tail

  6. Subphylum: Vertebrates • Three characteristics • Vertebral column • Skull • Endoskeleton

  7. Types of Fish • Agnatha • Lampreys and Hagfishes • Eel-like bodies • Lack jaws, fins, and bones

  8. Hagfish and Lampreys • Hagfish • Bottom dwellers • Burrow into body of dead fish to eat • Tie their bodies in not to evade Hagfish • Lampreys • Can be parasitic • Feed on blood and fluids of host • Lamprey Invasion

  9. Types of Fish • Chondrichthyes • Sharks, rays, and skates • Have jaws and fins • Cartilage skeleton • Unique scales-Placoid • Sharks

  10. Types of Fish • Osteichthyes • Bony Fish: Salmon, perch, catfish • Bone • Lungs or swim bladder • Scales • Jaws

  11. Lobe-finned Fish • 7 species still exist • Lungfish exchange gases through lungs and gills • Ancestors of amphibians

  12. Ray-finned fish • Fins supported by bony elements called rays • Eels, perch, trout, guppies, bass

  13. Reduce Friction Detects vibrations-Senses

  14. Skull, spinal column, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle and ribs

  15. Digestive & Excretion System • Carnivores • Mouth Esophagus  Stomach  Intestine  Anus • Liver • Gallbladder • Pancreas Excretion • Kidneys  Urine  Urinary bladder

  16. Circulatory System • Heart, blood vessels, blood • Heart  arteries  gills  tissues  veins  heart

  17. Respiratory System • Gills • Gill Arch • Gill filaments

  18. Nervous • Brain • Spinal Cord • Nerves • Lateral Line

  19. Reproduction • Male and female fish • External fertilization • Mortality of eggs & young fish are high • Lay many eggs • Spawning • Build nests • Migrate to warm water

  20. Swim bladder • Swim bladder • Thin-walled sac that contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen • Adjust the density of fish • Move up and down in water

  21. Classification • Phylum: Chordata • Order: Perciformes • Family: Percidae

  22. Amphibians

  23. Adaptation to Land • Evolved from lobe-finned fish • Water dried up and adapted • Escape predation and competition • Amphibians = “Double” and “life”

  24. Characteristics of Early Amphibians Other Traits • Sense Organs • Scent & sound • Large tail • Large teeth • Gills • 7 toes Shared Traits • Skull • Vertebral column • Bones in the fin • Structure & position

  25. Characteristics • Most change from water to land • Moist, thin skin with no scales • Webbed feet • Gills, lungs or skin in respiration • Eggs laid in water that lack shells

  26. Modern Amphibians • Anura • Frogs and Toads • Urodela • Salamandars • Apoda • Legless amphibians • Caecilians

  27. External Structure • Skin • Respiration & protection • Potential dehydration • Mucous glands • Mucus • Foul-tasting or poisonous substances

  28. Internal Structures Urostyle Radio-ulna Tibiofibula Fused Bones - Absorb the forces

  29. Digestive System • Larva – Herbivores • Algae & bacteria • Adults Carnivores • Insects and small arthropods • Mice, snakes, fish

  30. Digestive System • Mouth  esophagus  stomach  small/large intestine  cloaca  vent • Liver • Gallbladder • Pancreas

  31. Excretory System • Kidneys  Urine Urinary Ducts  Cloaca Urinary bladder

  32. Respiration • Larval amphibians • Exchange CO2 and O2 through gills and skin • Adult • Lungs and skin • Pressure differences force air in and out of lungs

  33. Circulatory System • 2 Loop system • Deoxygenated blood  heart  lungs  oxygenated blood  heart  muscles  heart • Arteries & veins • Eliminates mixing of de/oxygenated blood

  34. Nervous System • Brain • Olfactory Lobes - Smell • Cerebrum – Responsible for learning • Optic Lobes – Sight • Cerebellum – Muscular coordination • Medulla Oblongata – Joins brain and spinal cord • Spinal cord

  35. Sense Organs • Lateral Line • In Larva • Eyes covered by nictitating membrane • Ears • Tympanic membrane

  36. Reproductive System • Male and Female • Courtship • Mating calls • Direct External Fertilization • Female lays eggs and male discharges sperm over them • Parental care

  37. Metamorphosis

More Related