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Echinoderms

Explore the spiny-skinned creatures of the ocean - sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and more. Learn about their unique characteristics, radial symmetry, and fascinating water vascular system. Discover their intriguing behaviors, from regenerating limbs to capturing prey with tube feet. Dive into the mesmerizing world of echinoderms today!

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Echinoderms

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  1. Animals Chapter 2 Section 5 (p. 73-76) Echinoderms

  2. Vocabulary • Echinoderm: • radially symmetrical invertebrate that lives on the ocean floor • Endoskeleton: • spiny internal skeleton made of plates that contain calcium • Water vascular system: • fluid-filled tubes within the echinoderm’s body

  3. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Echinoderms consist of • Sea stars • Sea urchins • sand dollars • Sea cucumbers • Characteristics • Radially symmetrical • Invertebrate • Live on the ocean floor

  4. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Skin supported by an endoskeleton • Well numerous plates • Well defined rows

  5. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Adult echinoderms have unique radial symmetry • Multiples of five • Arranged like the spokes on a wheel

  6. Internal Fluid System • Water Vascular System • Fluid filled tubes within the body • Tubes contract squeezing water to tube feet • External parts of the water vascular system

  7. Water Vascular System • Ends of tube feet are sticky • Small sticky suction cups when water filled • This enables tube feet to grip the surface • Tube feet used to move slowly along ocean floor

  8. Radial Symmetry • Echinoderm has not have a front with sense organs • Respond to food, mates or predators from any direction

  9. Reproduction • Either male or female • Female releases eggs into sea water • Male releases sperm • Eggs fertilized in the water • Eggs develop into tiny swimming larvae • Undergo metamorphosis and become adults

  10. Sea Stars • Predators • Eat mollusks, crabs and other echinoderms • Use arms and tube feet to capture prey • Pulls closed shells apart • Forces stomach though its mouth and into the shell • Digestive chemicals break down the food • Sucks the food into its stomach

  11. Sea Stars • Regeneration: • Can regrow an arm if lost • Some sea stars reproduce by splitting into many parts • Regrow the missing parts

  12. Brittle Stars • Close relative to sea star • Five long skinny arms • Flexible joints • Can regenerate limbs • Tube feet have no suction cups • Used for catching food, not moving • Move by moving arms on ground

  13. Sand Dollars • Have no arms • Look like large coins • Flat bodies covered with spines • Used to burrow in sand

  14. Sea Urchins • Body covered with movable spines • Spines cover central shell • Move by using bands of tube feet that extend between spines • Five teeth project from mouth • Scrape algae, crush coral and mollusk shells • Dig into crevises to hide

  15. Sea Cucumber • Look like leathery skinned cucumber • Live on sandy or rocky ocean floor • Colors: red, brown, blue or green • Soft flexible bodies • Tube feet on the underside • Used for crawling

  16. Sea Cucumber • Mouth at one end surrounded by tentacles • Filter feeder • Lengthens tentacles to sweep food to mouth • Retracts tentacles back into body

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