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Echinoderms

Echinoderms. By: Elisa Trujillo. What is an echinoderm?.

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Echinoderms

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  1. Echinoderms By: Elisa Trujillo

  2. What is an echinoderm? • Echinoderms (Phylum Echinodermata) are a phylum of marine animals. The adults are recognized easily by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include such well known animals as sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers. The phylum contains about 70,000 living species,[1] making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes, after the chordates. Echinoderms are also the largest phylum that has no freshwater or terrestrial representatives.

  3. Biologically, there are few other groupings so abundant in the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as the shallower oceans, but the more notably distinct trait, which most echinoderms have, is their remarkable powers of regeneration of tissue, organs, limbs, asexual reproduction, and in some cases, complete regeneration from a single limb. Where are they found? • Echinoderms are globally distributed in almost all depths, latitudes and environments in the ocean. They reach highest diversity in reef environments but are also widespread on shallow shores, around the poles —While almost all echinoderms are benthic — that is, they live on the sea floor — some sea-lilies can swim at great velocity for brief periods of time, and a few deep-sea sea cucumbers are fully floating.

  4. What do they feed on? • The modes of feeding vary greatly between the constituent taxa. Crinoids and some brittle stars tend to be passive filter-feeders, absorbing suspended particles from passing water; sea urchins are grazers, sea cucumbers deposit feeders, and seastars are active hunters.

  5. Echinoderms have: -Sensory and motor neurons -Nerve ring -Branching nerves -Eyespots (light-sensitive cells)

  6. Types of echinoderms • o Asteroidea • o Ophiuroidea • o Echinoidea • o Holothuroidea • o Crinoidea

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