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Objectives

Learn about reliability, validity, controls, variables, trials, data collection, and key components in designing a scientific experiment. Explore Lisa's hair growth experiment example for practical understanding.

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Objectives

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  1. Define and Identify components of an experiment. Objectives

  2. Warm Up Q = List the steps of the scientific method? A = • State the Problem • Research • Hypothesis • Design Experiment to test Hypothesis • Experiment / Collect Data • Analysis • Share it

  3. Reliability vs. Validity What do these two terms mean? Are they the same?

  4. Reliability vs. Validity Validity = True/Accurate Reliability = Consistency

  5. Reliability vs. Validity Why are these two concepts important to science? How do they effect designing an experiment?

  6. Using solid experiment design • For any scientific claim to be accepted by the science community, the experiment findings should be both valid and reliable. • In other words, the experiment should be able to be tested by other scientist and they should have similar, repeatable results.

  7. Using solid experiment design • The following slides will list some of the major components of an experimental design.

  8. Controls and Variables Controls = the group or component that will not have the independent variable tested on it. The experimental group’s results are compared to this data. Variable = The component of the experiment being tested.

  9. Controls and Variables You should have a control group for every variable being tested. There should be only one variable for any particular question being tested at a given time.

  10. Trials and Data Data= Recording results (qualitative & quantitative) gained from the experiment. Trails= The number of times the experiment tests the variables. Sample Size = The number of subjects in the experimental group.

  11. Trials and Data For data to be most reliable: Data should be recorded immediately Trails should be repeated several times Sample sizes should be large and random for the population being tested.

  12. Components • Control Group = Group under “normal” circumstances or not being tested with the variables. The results from the variable will be compared to the control group’s results. • Experimental Group (Variable Group) = The group of the experiment being tested on. The part which prove/disprove the hypothesis. • Independent Variable = What you are testing with or the unknown part that does not change based on another component (e.g. Time). • Dependent Variable = What you are testing for (a result). This variable requires (is dependent) on the independent variable`

  13. Sample • Lisa is designing a science experiment. She wants to know if a new commercial hair product called “Big’Fro” affects the speed of hair growth” versus a brand of hair product that her family commonly uses. Her family has volunteered for the experiment. • Design a simple experiment of how Lisa could perform this experiment. • Identify the control group and the independent and dependent variables.

  14. Define and Identify components of an experiment. Objectives

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