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Understanding North America's Characteristics: Immigration, Urbanization, and Economic Patterns

This overview of North America delves into key characteristics shaping the U.S. and Canada, including the influence of the English language, Christian faiths, and European norms. It highlights the region's high urbanization rates, mobile populations, and diverse immigrant experiences from 1820-1980. The discussion encompasses the evolution of urban geography, industrial location factors, and post-industrial developments. Regions such as the North American Core and Maritime Northeast exhibit distinct economic activities while grappling with challenges such as poverty, changing demographics, and environmental balancing.

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Understanding North America's Characteristics: Immigration, Urbanization, and Economic Patterns

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  1. NORTH AMERICA(CHAPTER 3)

  2. DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS • (US & CANADA) • ENGLISH LANGUAGE • CHRISTIAN FAITHS • EUROPEAN NORMS • GOVERNMENT, ARCHITECTURE, DIET, ARTS • HIGHLY URBANIZED • MOBILE POPULATIONS • HIGH INCOMES • FEDERAL STATES

  3. PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS

  4. CLIMATE PATTERNS

  5. THE IMMIGRANT EXPERIENCE: 1820-1980 South/East Europe 10000 Germany Scandinavia 8000 Latin America Asia British Isles 6000 Immigration in 1000s 4000 2000 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 Push FactorsPull Factors +1840s: Irish Potato Famine +Economic Opportunity +1850-1920: Overpopulation, War +Political/Religious Freedom +Recent: Overpopulation, War, Oppression +Land Availability

  6. ETHNIC PATTERNS

  7. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

  8. URBANGEOGRAPHY • CONCERNED WITH THE SPATIAL ASPECTS OF CITIES AND URBAN SYSTEMS • MAJOR THEMES • HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF CITIES • PLANNING AND POLICY-MAKING • URBAN SPATIAL CHANGE: Single-centered urban structure of the past is transformed into a multicentered model in which several outlying activity concentrations rival the Central Business District (CBD)

  9. COMPONENTS OF THE SPATIAL ECONOMY • ACTIVITIES OR SECTORS • Primary (Extractive Activities) • Secondary (Manufacturing) • Tertiary (Services) • Quaternary (Information) • Quinary (Management)

  10. INDUSTRIAL LOCATION FACTORS • Location of raw materials • Labor availability • Energy availability • Location of markets • Transportation

  11. NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURING

  12. POSTINDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATIONS

  13. FUEL RESOURCES

  14. AGRICULTURE IN THE U.S.

  15. Quebec City Toronto Montreal Detroit Windsor “MAIN STREET CLUSTER” IN CANADA See next slide

  16. C A N A D A • Canada achieves 79% urbanization, like the U.S.

  17. REGIONS OF THE REALM Pick one of these 9 and discuss in detail, for test: • NORTH AMERICAN CORE • MARITIME NORTHEAST • FRENCH CANADA • CONTINENTAL INTERIOR • SOUTH • SOUTHWEST • WESTERN FRONTIER • NORTHERN FRONTIER • PACIFICHINGE

  18. REGIONS OF THE REALM

  19. NORTH AMERICAN CORE • SYNONYMOUS WITH THE MANUFACTURING BELT • CONTAINS LARGEST CITY AND CAPITAL OF BOTH COUNTRIES • EXTENSIVE TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS AND FACILITIES • GROWING IMPACT OF POSTINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZATION

  20. MARITIME NORTHEAST • UPPER NEW ENGLAND AND THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES • ECONOMIC FOCUS • PRIMARY ACTIVITIES • RECREATION • TOURISM

  21. FRENCH CANADA • THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF QUEBEC AND NEIGHBORING ACADIA • LONG LOT LAND DIVISION SYSTEM • IMPACT OF QUEBEC’S SEPARATIST MOVEMENT • MONTREAL

  22. FRANCOPHONE QUEBEC

  23. CONTINENTAL INTERIOR • CENTER OF CONTERMINOUS U.S. AND SOUTHERN CANADA • TREMENDOUS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY • CORN AND WHEAT BELTS; SOYBEANS • URBAN CENTERS • KANSAS CITY • MINNEAPOLIS-ST PAUL • WINNIPEG • OMAHA • DENVER

  24. SOUTH • SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE REALM • MOST DYNAMIC REGION IN TERMS OF CHANGE • CONTINUING ECONOMIC PROBLEMS • POVERTY AND INCOME DISPARITY • CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS

  25. SOUTHWEST • US-MEXICAN BORDERLAND – a lot of cross-migration to work • A TRICULTURAL REGION E. J. PALKA

  26. WESTERN FRONTIER • REALM’S NEWEST REGION • POPULATION INFLUX • THE LAS VEGAS BOOM • OTHER METROPOLISES • DENVER • SALT LAKE CITY

  27. NORTHERN FRONTIER • NORTH OF 52°N LATITUDE • NORTH AMERICA’S LARGEST REGION • FRONTIER STATUS • INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

  28. PACIFICHINGE • PACIFIC COASTLANDS OF THE CONTERMINOUS U.S. AND SW CANADA • LEGACY OF 20TH CENTURY CONTINUOUS GROWTH • BALANCE BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT • NATURAL HAZARDS

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