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Global Warming Final Exam Review

Prepare for your final exam in GEO 307 with this comprehensive review covering topics such as the energy budget of the Earth, the carbon cycle, fossil fuels and energy, and the perturbed carbon cycle. Study important concepts, feedback loops, and more to ace your exam!

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Global Warming Final Exam Review

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  1. Global WarmingFinal Exam Review GEO 307 Dr. Garver

  2. Final Exam • Exam is on 6/12/14Thursday 9:10 – 11:10 • Finals week office hours: • Office hours 6/10/14Tuesday 9:00 – 11:30 • Office hours 6/12/14Thursday 11:30 – 1:00 • Bring midterm and all quizzes to turn in at final for 2 extra points. Exam is comprehensive: • All midterm material • New material since midterm • Archer Chapters 6 - 10 • Feedbacks web link (week 7)

  3. Chapter 6 • Energy Budget of the Earth fluctuates on daily & seasonal timescales (in contrast to the layer model). • Annual Energy Budget doesn’t balance locally because excess heat is carried to higher latitudes by winds and ocean currents. • Global warming forecast requires simulation the weather – computational challenge.

  4. Earth’s tilt determines how much heat the surface receives from the Sun each day as a function of latitude (y axis) and time of year (x axis).

  5. net heat input at low latitudes, transport to high latitudes

  6. Global Circulation With Rotation With CoriolisEffect

  7. Chapter 7 Positive vs. Negative Feedback Loops Feedbacks shown in figure 7.1 a – d Effects of Clouds Table 7.1

  8. Chapter 8: Carbon Cycle • Exists in a range of forms • Photosynthesis stores energy by producing organic C from inorganic C • Where is all the carbon (sinks)? • Atm • Land • Oceans • How does it move (fluxes)?

  9. Archer Fig. 8.1

  10. From Archer Fig. 8.1

  11. Reduction-Oxidation Chemistry • Inorganic carbon • Organic Carbon

  12. Life on Earth is based on: CO2 + H2O + energy CH2O + O2

  13. Chapter 9: Fossil Fuels and Energy • Most of humankinds energy comes from fossil fuels • Coal • Oil • natural gas • Where Fossil Fuels Come from, how they’re formed. • Renewable sources • How we measure energy • W = J/S • Terawatt = 1012 (TW)

  14. Total energy used U.S. Figure 9.11a) energy consumption, b) consumption per person, c) per dollar gdp. energy used/person U.S. energy used/dollar

  15. Chapter 10: The Perturbed Carbon Cycle Methane • Natural and anthropogenic sources (table 10.1) • Rate of emission + atm lifetime = concentration in atm • Lifetime of a CH4 molecule

  16. CO2 • Accumulating more slowly in the atm than we are releasing it, why? • Ocean uptake vs. Land • Lifetime in atm vs. CH4 • Anthropogenic sources

  17. Deforestation 1.5 Gton C/yr • Fossil Fuels 8.5Gton C/yr • These numbers are from current Archer text

  18. fossil fuel + deforestation = atm CO2 rising 3 Gton C/yr • Where is the other 4 Gton C/yr going? • 2 main sinks – oceans & terrestrial biosphere • What role does each play • How do we quantify it? • Timescales

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