Final Exam Review

1. Final Exam Review CMUN 1A

2. What is communication? • The deliberate or accidental transfer of meaning • “Did you see how he looked at me?” • Communication occurs whenever someone observes or experiences behavior and attributes (attaches) meaning to that behavior • Communication is our link to the rest of humanity • Communication is a dynamic, always changing process • You cannot not communicate

3. What do the terms context and contextual mean? • Context: • Contextual: a situation, environment we behave appropriately in a given situation or environment

4. What is the self image? • It is the person you perceive yourself to be! • It is made up of messages sent by others, and how you experience yourself within the world at large

5. What are our three basic needs? • Inclusion – the need for social contact and relationships • Control – the need to establish and maintain satisfactory levels of influence and power in relationships • Affection – the need to give and receive love and experience emotionally close relationship

6. What distance do you use when communicating with someone you know by face, but not well? • Intimate • Personal • Social • Public Answer Social

7. What are figures of speech? • Expressions used in a nonliteral fashion

8. What are analogies? • Analogies are an extended simile that clarifies an unfamiliar concept

9. How is listening different from hearing? • Hearing is automatic • No conscious effort • Listening is a deliberate process • Acquired complex skills • Who we are affects what we listen to

10. What are the five levels of listening and which takes the least/most effort?

11. Unethical listeners • Fraudulent – pseudolisteners (nodders) • Monopolistic – always want to be listened to, but never want to listen • Completers – fill in missed gaps with manufactured information • Selective – zero in only on parts that interest them • Avoiders – close their ears to information they’d rather not deal with • Defensive – assume others are criticizing • Attackers – wait for you to make a mistake

12. What are the possible types of visual aids used in public speaking? • Multimedia • Objects • Models • Photographs • Graphs/diagrams

13. A history book written on WWII is • A primary source • A secondary source Answer A secondary source

14. What is Monroe’s motivated sequence? • Attention • Need • Satisfaction/Solution • Visualization of benefits/solution • Action/support proposal

15. What are Aristotle's 3 Proofs? • ETHOS: Speaker Credibility • No conscious effort • Goodwill • Character • LOGOS: Logical Appeal/Reasoning • Drawing conclusions from evidence • Inductive vs. Deductive • PATHOS: Emotional Appeal • Appeals to the listeners’ needs, wants, desires, etc.

16. True/False • All kinds of human responses not spoken are called nonverbal communication? Answer True

17. What are the parts of the Communication Model? – define each

18. True/False • MYGLO: is an acronym for “might you get limited opportunity” Answer MYGLO: is an acronym for “my eyes glaze over”

19. True/False • Chronological order divides material into a series of appropriate topics Answer False Develops an idea or problem in the order in which it occurred

20. True/False • Cause/Effect order gives ideas in a cause/effect manner Answer False Divides material into a series of appropriate topics

21. True/False • Spatial order describes things geographically Answer False Describes an object, person or phenomenon as it exists in space

22. Ordering Your Ideas • Chronological order • Develops an idea or problem in the order in which it occurred • Spatial order • Describes an object, person or phenomenon as it exists in space • Cause-and-effect order • Categorizes a topic according to its causes and effects • Problem-and-solution order • Determines what problems are, and presents solutions • Topical order • Divides material into a series of appropriate topics

23. Define The Following Terms: Attitude, Belief, Value • Attitude: Alearned predisposition • Response favorable/unfavorable • Our likes and dislikes change easily • Our beliefs or values harder to change • Belief: The degree of confidence • Perception of true or false • Highly central a beliefs hard to change • Value: An enduring conception of right or wrong, good or bad • Least likely to change over time

24. Which is the least likely to change over time Answer Value

25. Nonverbal communication and its functions • Message Reinforcement • Message Negation • Message Substitution • Message Accentuation • Message Regulation • Nonverbal communication is perpetual and, frequently, involuntary

26. What is the term/s used to describe our use of unnecessary words in the communication of ideas? • Speech fillers • Non-fluencies

27. What is: • Jargon • Slang

28. What is a paralanguage? • Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany language • Pitch • Habitual pitch • Volume • Rate • Pauses • Nonfluencies • Silence

29. What are the four distances we use to communicate? • Distances • Intimate: 0-18 inches • Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft. • Social: 4 to 12 ft. • Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight

30. How do we use space to communicate? • Spaces • Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed • Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create distance • Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to define the environment around us