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Annual Report to the Executive Board

Progress and achievements against the medium-term strategic plan. Annual Report to the Executive Board. 7 May 2009. Highlights.

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Annual Report to the Executive Board

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  1. Progress and achievements against the medium-term strategic plan Annual Report to the Executive Board 7 May 2009

  2. Highlights • With food prices instability and emerging economic crisis, greater attention needed to monitoring vulnerabilities of children and women and supporting national response including through enhanced social protection measures; • 9.2 million children < 5 yrs died in 2007; with an annual rate of reduction of 1.8% (1990 to 2007), achieving MDG4 requires annual rate of 9.8% between 2008 and 2015; • Global health attracted political attention through new funding, G8 and H8; focus on mortality reduction and health systems strengthening especially in Africa and Asia; • Collaboration with World Bank and government partners for health related procurement using IDA resources finalized in 2008 – will further accelerate efforts in young child survival and development.

  3. Highlights (cont’d) • World Congress III against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents – commitment and action plan to prevent and stop sexual exploitation of children and adolescents; • UNICEF developed action plan in response to TCPR directives and continues to be engaged in the HLCP, HLCM and UNDOCO. UNICEF contributed to the UN coherence and reforms on key issues of accountability system of RC system and on dissemination of good practices for common country programme. • Global staff survey carried out, Improvement initiatives in progress; • Systematic follow up to Gender Policy evaluation, MTR of MTSP and ACSD evaluation in progress. • Gender and equity issues need to be better integrated in all result areas of MTSP; data disaggregated more systematically to address gender and disparities.

  4. UNICEF programme assistance by MTSP focus area, 2008 (millions of USD, %) Source: UNICEF HQ, 2009

  5. Young child survival and development • Major achievements & challenges • Progress is strong in areas such as immunization coverage, insecticide-treated mosquito nets and vitamin A coverage; • 74% reduction in measles deaths between 2000 and 2007; • $2 billion resources for Malaria leveraged in Round 8 of GFTAM; • Progress still slow in reducing deaths due to pneumonia and diarrhoea • Health systems challenges and trained health workers, still a major issue countries of high child mortality • Focus on health systems esp. in situations of conflict and generalized HIV epidemics essential.

  6. Young child survival and development • KRA 1Scaling up high-impact interventions $ 715.6 m • KRA 2 Improved family and community care practices $ 86.7 m • KRA 3 Increased access to safe drinking water and sanitation $ 270.6 m • KRA 4 Life saving interventions in accordance with CCCs in emergencies $ 258.6m

  7. Young child survival and development • KRA 1 : Scaling up high-impact interventions • Number of countries supporting Child Health Days for reaching young child now> 50; • 138 countries have introduced HIB vaccine; • TT coverage rose to 71% in 2007 from 59% in 2004; • Over 2 billion doses of OPV delivered in 2008; • 2 doses of Vitamin A to 80% children in LDCs; over 800 m capsules (an increase of 31%) delivered in 2008 • Malaria – 4m diagnostic kits, 19m ITNs in 48 countries; ACT drug of choice in increasing number of countries; Globally 130m Tt procured; • Only 4% of children exposed to HIV begin cotrimoxazole prophylaxis within 2 months

  8. FA1 KRA1: Scale up high-impact health and nutrition interventions 68 countdown countries: budget and national plans for scaling up high-impact interventions MTSP target 2009: 60 high U5MR countries Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  9. FA1 KRA1: Scale up high-impact health and nutrition interventions Global immunization 20012007, DPT3 immunization coverage MTSP target 2009: 90% Source: WHO/UNICEF estimates, 2008

  10. FA1 KRA1: Scale up high-impact health and nutrition interventions Number of infants not immunized with DPT3* MTSP 2009 target *Data for 2000–2005 have been revised to capture changes in population as reported by the United Nations Statistical Division. Source: WHO/UNICEF estimates, 2008

  11. FA1 KRA1: Scale up high-impact health and nutrition interventions Estimated measles deaths globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa, 20002007 Number of measles deaths 74% reduction in measles deaths globally from 2000 to 2007 89% reduction in total and under-five measles deaths in sub-Saharan Africa from 2000 to 2007 Source: WHO/IVB, as of 3 October 2008

  12. Young child survival and development • KRA 2 Improved family and community care practices • Number of countries with national programmes that promote good parenting and has specific strategies to reach marginalized families and children has increased from 36 in 2005 to 61 in 2008 • Sprinkles – multiple micronutrient demo projects now in 20 countries • Food price fluctuations and economic downturn threaten nutritional security; • Iodised salt still at 70% only

  13. Young child survival and development • KRA 3 Increased access to safe drinking water and sanitation • WASH interventions supported in 101 countries; • International Year of Sanitation in 2008 gave much needed impetus to Sanitation and hygiene promotion; • 73% countries with national plans to increase water and sanitation coverage for achieving MDG7; • Support for Arsenic continued while reported Guineaworm cases dropped to below 5000 for the first time.

  14. FA1 KRA3 : Increased access to, and use of, safe drinking water and basic sanitation Unimproved source Improved drinking water source Piped drinking water on premises Drinking water coverage trends, 1990 - 2006 MTSP target 2015: Support achievement of MDG target 7C (Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water) SSA CEE/CIS EAPR LAC MENA South Asia World 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2008

  15. FA1 KRA3 : Increased access to, and use of, safe drinking water and basic sanitation Sanitation coverage trends, 1990 - 2006 MTSP target 2015: Support achievement of MDG target 7C (Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to basic sanitation) SSA CEE/CIS EAPR LAC MENA South Asia World 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 1990 2006 Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2008

  16. FA1 KRA3 : Increased access to, and use of, safe drinking water and basic sanitation Countdown and WASH priority countries* with plans incorporating explicit programmes and targets for achieving the MDG target 7C** on water and sanitation *73 countries, representing the combination of 68 countdown countries and WASH priority countries. **Previously MDG target 10 Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  17. Young child survival and development • KRA 4 Life saving interventions in accordance with CCCs in emergencies • Cluster lead in WASH (37 countries) and Nutrition (27) and co-lead with WHO in Health; • Roster of WASH experts established; major response in Myanmar and China in 2008; • Estimated 15.2 m children reached with health interventions; 5.6 m with WASH, 4.3 m with nutrition and over 0.5 m with protection interventions; • Emergency supplies and assistance in 76 countries – a significant measure to respond to emergencies; • Increasingly effective partnerships with various agencies for standby arrangements and for rapid response teams

  18. Basic Education and Gender Equality • Major achievements& challenges • 85% of primary school age children enrolled in 2007, but 75 m children incl. 35 m in SSA still not enrolled • Strategic partnerships incl. with World Bank to accelerate action in key countries; • Capacity building of national partners including for child friendly schools initiative bearing fruit in many countries; • Low retention and completion rates further pose major challenges; • Social exclusion of disadvantaged, minorities and girls requiring special focus; • Emergencies such as in Pakistan, Afghanistan, DRC and Iraq continue to pose major challenges.

  19. Basic Education and Gender Equality • KRA 1 Improve developmental readiness to start primary school $ 27 m • KRA 2 Increased access, participation and completion $ 141.7 m • KRA 3 Improved Education quality $ 277.5 m • KRA 4 Restoration of Education in emergencies, safeguard education system against HIV/AIDS pandemic $ 107 m

  20. Basic Education and Gender Equality • KRA 1 Improve developmental readiness to start primary school • 45 programme countries now using assessment tools to monitor school readiness; • Child-to-child school readiness piloted in 6 countries; • However, low investments in ECD and poor linkages between health and early learning programmes pose a continuing challenge.

  21. FA2 KRA1 : Improve children’s developmental readiness to start primary school on time Programme countries with national standards for monitoring school or developmental readiness MTSP target 2011: 80 programme countries MTSP Target 2009: 40 programme countries Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  22. Basic Education and Gender Equality • KRA 2 Increased access, participation and completion • School fees abolition initiative in progress in 23 countries since 2005 • UNGEI partnerships, Fast Track Initiative and UNICEF support to SWAps in education address key challenges incl. HRBAP, Gender and other concerns.

  23. FA2 KRA2 : Reduce gender and other disparities in relation to increased access, participation and completion of quality basic education Disparity in enrolment and attendance (total) Primary school net attendance ratio, 2000-2007* Primary school net enrolment ratio, 2000-2007* Secondary school net enrolment ratio, 2000-2007* Secondary school net attendance ratio, 2000-2007* Note: Data for South Asia are not available. Note: Data for Latin America and the Caribbean are not available. Source: UNICEF global database, 2009 *Most recent data available during the period

  24. FA2 KRA2 : Reduce gender and other disparities in relation to increased access, participation and completion of quality basic education Programme countries with education sector plans that include specific measures to reduce gender and other disparities Other disparities Gender disparities MTSP target 2009: 139* (or 90% of) programme countries MTSP target 2009: 139* (or 90% of) programme countries Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008 *Includes countries covered under sub-regional programmes

  25. Basic Education and Gender Equality • KRA 3 Improved Education quality • Collaboration with Commonwealth of Learning to train teachers through distance education in 10 countries for CFS; • 47 programme countries have included environmental education / climate change awareness in primary education; 51 countries in secondary education; • 78 countries have integrated Life-Skills based education in primary education curriculum (up from 49 in 2005); • Support for WASH in schools expanded; Water and sanitation facilities built to reach nearly 3.5 m children in 2008 especially in emergencies; • Standardised testing for measuring learning achievement now developed for use in 101 countries.

  26. FA2 KRA3: Improve educational quality and increase school retention, completion and achievement rates Programme countries adopting quality standards for primary education (based on ‘child-friendly schools’ or other similar models) MTSP target 2009: 68 countries Source: UNICEF country Offices, 2008

  27. Basic Education and Gender Equality • KRA 4 Restoration of Education in emergencies, safeguard education system against HIV/AIDS pandemic • Estimated 3.1 m children in declared emergencies reached with education interventions; • Back-to-school campaigns in DRC, Afghanistan and Sudan; • Cluster lead for education in 27 humanitarian situations; • EFA-FTI with World Bank and ‘fit for purpose’ financing of educational plans moving forward in key emergencies and transition countries.

  28. HIV AIDS and Children • Major achievements& challenges • Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS has further strengthened partnerships and produced tangible results; • Commitment for National Scaling up of Universal Access with improved coverage in a number of countries of generalized epidemic; • Pediatric HIV/AIDS programmes expanded to 102 countries in 2008 (up from 90 in 2005); • Evidence for advocacy, policy and action improving in a number of countries with new data, analyses and knowledge management tools; • Leveraging new funds and leveraging partnerships at various levels giving further impetus to country level work. • Ensuring ‘universal access’ and sustained capacity at country level requires further intensified support from all partners; • Stigma, discrimination, gender and poverty continue to be major challenges.

  29. HIV/AIDS and Children • KRA 1 Reduce pediatric HIV infections, ARVs to women and treat children for HIV/AIDS $ 49.4 m • KRA 2 Quality family, community and Government support to OVCs $ 49.5 m • KRA 3 Reduce adolescent risks and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS $ 54.3 m Share of FA3 programme assistance for 54 HIV and AIDS priority countries

  30. FA3 KRA1: Reduce the number of paediatric HIV infections; increase the proportion of HIV-positive women receiving ARVs; increase the proportion of children receiving treatment for HIV and AIDS HIV positive pregnant women receiving ARVs for PMTCT MTSP target 2011: 80% of HIV-positive pregnant women receive ARVs for PMTCT Note: Values for the Eastern and Southern Africa and West and Central Africa regions are included in sub-Saharan Africa. Source: UNICEF calculations based on data collected through the PMTCT and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment Report Card process and reported in Towards universal access: scaling up HIV services for women and children in the health sector – progress report 2008 (UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO). Regions were recalculated according to UNICEF classification of regions.

  31. FA3 KRA1: Reduce the number of paediatric HIV infections; increase the proportion of HIV-positive women receiving ARVs; increase the proportion of children receiving treatment for HIV and AIDS Number of children (0-14 years old) receiving ART in low- and middle-income countries The number of children receiving ART in low- and middle-income countries increased from 75,000 to 198,000 (more than 2.5 times) in 2007 2005: A total of 75, 000 children received ART in low- and middle-income countries 2007: A total of 198, 000 children received ART in low- and middle-income countries Source: UNICEF calculations based on data collected through the PMTCT and Paediatric HIV Care and Treatment Report Card process and reported in Towards universal access: scaling up HIV services for women and children in the health sector – progress report 2008 (UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO. Regions were recalculated according to UNICEF classification of regions.

  32. HIV/AIDS and Children • KRA 1 Reduce pediatric HIV infections, ARVs to women and treat children for HIV/AIDS • PMTCT programmes supported in 102 countries; • Early infant diagnosis during PMTCT covers only 8%; • UNICEF procurement for $ 68.7 m for HIV/AIDS commodities. • KRA 2 Quality family, community and Govt support to OVCs • Surveys in 47 countries suggest 5% orphanhood, with over 20% in Lesotho, Rwanda, Swaziland and Zimbabwe; • Social protection measures expanded in a number of countries; • Situation analyses on OVCs in SSA carried out 31 countries – basis for national plans of action.

  33. FA3 KRA3: Reduce adolescent risks and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS by increasing access to and use of gender-sensitive prevention information, skills and services Countries with HIV and AIDS education integrated into national curriculum at the secondary level Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  34. HIV/AIDS and Children • KRA3 Reduce adolescent risks and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS • HIV prevalence among 15-24 years declined in 14 countries by the end of the year, with at least 25% reduction in 7 SSA countries; • However, 45% of new infections during 2007 were among 15-24 years;

  35. Child Protection • Major achievements & challenges • Strengthened national policies and increased political commitment backed by stronger evidence and analyses for child protection; • Cluster leadership in emergencies to further strengthen action for child protection; • Viable, sustainable alternative care for children with disabilities – focus in 30 countries. • Still impact of conflict and widespread harmful practices restrict child protection systems in many countries.

  36. Child Protection • KRA 1 Influence government decisions based on evidence $ 73.5 m • KRA 2 Effective legislative and enforced systems $ 79.5 m • KRA 3 Better protection of children from immediate and long-term impact of armed conflict and natural disasters $ 36.9 m • KRA 4 Juvenile Justice systems strengthened $ 18.3 m • KRA 5 Children and families identified as vulnerable are reached by key community and government services $ 78.7 m

  37. FA4 KRA1: Government decisions are influenced by increased awareness of child protection rights and improved data and analysis on child protection Monitoring child protection, 2008 Country programmes that have sex-disaggregated data on child protection indicators for all age groups, including baselines Country programmes that have institutional or administrative sources of data on child protection indicators Countries that include disaggregated child protection data in their national reports to the Committee on the Rights of the Child Countries that include disaggregated child protection data in national development plans Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008 Note: 2008 is the baseline year for these indicators.

  38. Child Protection • KRA 1 Influence government decisions based on evidence • 35 countries have carried out gender analyses of key child protection issues; • 13 countries now involved in the Monitoring and Reporting mechanism; (SCR 1612)

  39. FA4 KRA2: Ensure effective legislative and enforcement systems and improved protection and response capacity to protect children from violence, exploitation and abuse, including exploitative child labour Programme countries that implement gender-sensitive programmes addressing social conventions and norms that contribute to violence, exploitation and abuse, 2008 Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008 Note: 2008 is baseline year for this indicator.

  40. FA4 KRA2: Ensure effective legislative and enforcement systems and improved protection and response capacity to protect children from violence, exploitation and abuse, including exploitative child labour Child labour* (5-14 years old)(most recent data available during 1999-2007) *Child labour: A child is considered to be involved in child labour under the following conditions: (a) children 5 to 11 years old who, during the week preceding the survey, did at least one hour of economic activity or at least 28 hours of household chores, or (b) children 12 to 14 years old who, during the week preceding the survey, did at least 14 hours of economic activity or at least 28 hours of household chores. Data at the global level are not available. Source: UNICEF SOWC database, 2009

  41. Child Protection • KRA 2 Effective legislative and enforced systems • Rio Declaration from the World Congress against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents emphasized key recommendations from the UN study on Violence against Children; • 17 countries using child friendly and gender-appropriate court procedures for children; • Birth registration promoted in 64 countries in 2008; Global rates/programme country rates • Support for programmes to end FGM/C in 14 countries; • Multi-agency programme against armed violence jointly with UNDP, UNODC, Habitat and Office of Disarmament Affairs.

  42. FA4 KRA3: Better protection of children from the impact of armed conflict and natural disasters Child protection in emergency situations, 2008 Countries in emergency situations that, as part of emergency response, implement programmes to prevent the sexual abuse and exploitation of children and women Countries that have incorporated child protection in emergency preparedness and response into national planning mechanisms UNICEF country offices that supported training to government and non-government partners on child protection in emergencies, covering at minimum the child protection issues outlined in the CCCs Conflict situations in which children are being recruited and used for conflict-related purposes, in apparent breach of international law Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008 Note: 2008 is the baseline year for these indicators.

  43. Child Protection • KRA 3 Protection from impact of conflict and natural disasters • Paris principles endorsed by 79 member states, basis for guidance and action plans in a number of countries; • UNICEF contributed to further gender concerns in humanitarian action through standard operating procedures, handbook and guidelines; • UNICEF co-led protection cluster in 22 countries for special focus on child protection; • Child-friendly spaces, trauma and psychosocial counseling have gained greater acceptance and use. • Democratic Republic of Congo partnership against rape

  44. Child Protection • KRA 4 Juvenile Justice systems strengthened • Common UN approach to Justice for children adapted and guidance now being developed; • Two-thirds of UNICEF-assisted country programmes working on legal reform and juvenile justice; • Capacity building of line ministries, departments and personnel a major priority for UNICEF. • KRA 5 Vulnerable children and families reached • 53 countries with alternate care policies in line with international standards, with 30 of them having viable programmes; • National social work capacity increased/improved in 35 countries; • Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability – advocacy plans developed and launched in specific countries.

  45. Policy Advocacy and Partnerships for Children’s Rights • Major focus • Evidence and Policies for reducing child poverty and inequalities; • Social protection programmes reaching vulnerable and excluded families; • Child-friendly macro-economic frameworks and participatory budget processes; • Decentralization strategies to improve quality basic social services for children; and • Legislative and policy measures for accelerated implementation of CRC/CEDAW provisions.

  46. Policy Advocacy and Partnerships • KRA 1 Collection and analysis of strategic information $ 129.3 m • MICS will now be carried out every 3 years; • 50 studies now completed, disseminated and used for national and sub-national plans and reports; • UNICEF/DESA joint initiative to estimate children affected by migration; • MDG report, SoWC report, Progress for Children and Countdown country profiles increasingly used for their data; • Countdown to 2015 partnership, DevInfo with UN agencies, www.childinfo.org and www.childmortality.org providing future impetus to evidence base and its use for programmes and plans

  47. FA5 KRA1: Collect and analyse strategic information on the situation of children and women Country programmes supporting the most recent CRC and CEDAW reporting processes Country programmes supported the most recent CRC reporting process Country programmes supported the most recent CEDAW reporting process Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  48. Policy Advocacy and Partnerships • KRA 2 Research and Policy analysis $ 44.3 m • Situation Analyses of children and women working papers and policy briefs on key issues; • IRC produced 12 publications including report card on child care in economically advanced countries; • 44 countries participating in global study on Child Poverty and Disparities; • 76 thematic studies carried out, many (%) using HRBA and Gender analysis framework.

  49. FA5 KRA3: Policy advocacy, dialogue and leveraging Countries with a national development plan or a PRS or a transition plan addressing key challenges for children, women and gender equality Source: UNICEF country offices, 2008

  50. Policy Advocacy and Partnerships • KRA 3 Policy advocacy, dialogue and leveraging $ 54.6 m • With food prices volatility and economic downturn, analytical work on structural poverty assuming greater importance; • Advocacy side-event held jointly with UNIFEM at Doha; • Social protection now part of UNICEF supported programmes in 38 countries; • Partnership with the World Bank on a range of issues.

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