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Meteorology

Meteorology . Weather and Climate. What is Meteorology?. The study of atmospheric phenomena. WTH?!?! I thought a meteor was something that came from space?!?!

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Meteorology

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  1. Meteorology Weather and Climate

  2. What is Meteorology? • The study of atmospheric phenomena. • WTH?!?! I thought a meteor was something that came from space?!?! • In modern society, meteor pertains to a rock falling from space. In ancient Greece, meteor came from meteoros meaning “high in the air”

  3. Weather & Climate • Weather • Current state of the atmosphere • Short-term variations in the atmosphere (hours) • Climate • Long-term variations in the weather for a particular area (years – decades)

  4. Compare/Contrast Weather Climate Lincoln’s summer climate is hot and humid. The winters in Seattle, WA are wet, cold, and cloudy. Nebraska has hot and humid summers, and cold and dry winters. • Lincoln’s high temp today is 62°F. • It is sunny with a slight breeze today. • The forecast for tomorrow is calling for half of an inch of rain.

  5. What does the Sun have to do with anything? EVERYTHING!!!

  6. Solar Radiation • The Sun heats the surface of the Earth. • How is the radiation distributed throughout the planet?

  7. Solar Radiation • What is the warmest time of the day? • More direct rays in the afternoon • Sun’s rays are more spread out at lower angles • Same energy over a larger area

  8. Weather • The heat from the solar radiation is redistributed throughout the globe • Air and water movement • Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere • This redistribution is what we call weather.

  9. Air Masses • What is an air mass? • Air Mass: Large body of air that takes on the characteristics of the area over which it forms. • The area over which the air mass forms is called the source region.

  10. Air Masses • Classification • Continental Tropical (cT): warm and dry • Maritime Tropical (mT): warm and humid • Continental Polar (cP): cold and dry • Maritime Polar (mP): cold and humid • Arctic (A or cA): colder than cP

  11. Global Wind Systems • Why is there wind? • Convection Cells • Why are there convection cells?

  12. Coriolis Effect

  13. Global Wind Systems

  14. Fronts • What is a front? • Region separating two air masses of different densities. • Differences caused by temp, pressure, and humidity • Thousands of kilometers long • Interactions cause changes in weather

  15. Cold Front • Cold, dense air displaces warm air, forcing it up along a steep front • Clouds, showers, thunderstorms

  16. Warm Front • Warm air displaces cold air • Slower than cold front • Cloudy, precipitation

  17. Stationary Front • Two air masses meet, but neither advances • Boundary stalls • Temperature/Pressure difference between air masses is small • Patterns reflect a warm front

  18. Occluded Front • Cold air moves so fast that it overtakes a warm front, wedging the warm air upward. • Precipitation

  19. High/Low Pressure • Rising air is associated with low pressure • Sinking air is associated with high pressure • Coriolis effect causes rotation

  20. Pressure Systems High Pressure Low Pressure Air rises, so air moves inward towards center to replace the rising air • Air sinks, so it spreads away from center at surface

  21. Weather Technology • Thermometer ,Barometer, Anemometer, Hygrometer • Radiosonde • Weather Radar • Doppler Radar • Weather Satellites

  22. Radiosonde

  23. Doppler Radar

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