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Understanding Atmospheric Layers and Ozone Depletion

Explore the layers of the atmosphere, learn about ozone, the impact of CFCs, and the harmful effects of ozone depletion on health and environment. Discover solutions like the Montreal Protocol.

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Understanding Atmospheric Layers and Ozone Depletion

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  1. Do Now Get out your layers of atmosphere foldable & Layers of atmosphere hw. Why does temperature increase with altitude in the thermosphere? What are at least 4 ways you know when things are due in this class?

  2. Good Ozone • Formula: 02 + 0 = 03 • Location: Stratosphere ≈ 10 – 50 Km • Function: Absorbs harmful UV rays from the sun.

  3. Good Ozone • What is the ozone layer? • Concentration of ozone found in the stratosphere

  4. Problem With Stratospheric Ozone: Are humans Affecting Good Ozone? • Chemicals humans produce and use break up ozone (03)

  5. Source of the problem – Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) • What are CFCs? • Chlorofluorocarbons • Anyone ever heard of “Freon”?

  6. Source of the problem – Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) • What are CFCs used for? • Coolants (air conditioning & refrigeration) • Cleaning for electrical components • Aerosol Sprays • Plastic Foams

  7. How are CFCs destroying stratospheric ozone? • CFCs move to ozone layer • Sunlight separates chemicals into atoms • Chlorine atoms break up 03 • Creating ClO (chlorine monoxide) & 02 • Oxygen breaks up ClO, releasing the Cl to break up more 03

  8. CFCs and Ozone

  9. One Chlorine atom from CFCs has the ability to destroy THOUSANDS of ozone molecules. YIKES!!!

  10. Result • A decrease in ozone (03) allows more UV to reach earth’s surface • This has caused a hole in the ozone above Antarctica

  11. Problems with Stratospheric Ozone Depletion • More severe sunburns • Cataracts • Increase occurrence of skin cancers • Reduces production of key crops and phytoplankton

  12. Montreal Protocol • International agreement • Sponsored by the United Nations • Eliminated use and production of CFCs

  13. Bad Ozone: Tropospheric Ozone • Primary Contributor of smog • Made through a chemical reaction of oxides of nitrogen (Nox) & Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the presence of the sun.

  14. Two Primary Pollutants Required to Produce Tropospheric Ozone

  15. Three Requirements for Tropospheric Ozone Generation • NOx • VOC • Sunlight

  16. Diagram & Reactions of Ground-Level Ozone Generation

  17. Diagram & Reactions of Ground-Level Ozone Generation

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