Organic Chemistry

1. Organic Chemistry

2. Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds.

3. Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds.

4. Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions.

5. Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions. (3) Some simple properties.

6. Organic Chemistry The Chemistry of carbon compounds. We will look at: (1) Naming of simple compounds. (2) Some simple reactions. (3) Some simple properties. (4) Some applications will be discussed.

7. Naming simple organic compounds

8. Naming simple organic compounds Organic compounds are organized in different families, and each family has a root name.

9. Naming simple organic compounds Organic compounds are organized in different families, and each family has a root name. Compounds derived from the starting members in the family have their name based on the parent compound from which they are derived.

10. The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons.

11. The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications.

12. The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes

13. The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes (2) Alkenes

14. The key compounds for naming are the hydrocarbons. There are three basic classifications and some important secondary classifications. (1) Alkanes (2) Alkenes (3) Alkynes

15. Prefix systemused to name inorganic compounds. This is also used for organic compounds to name the number of substituents. The base names for the alkanes with five or more C atoms are derived directly from these names. *Often not employed.

16. Prefix systemused to name the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain of organic compounds. Note that the ones in blue do not follow from the first four prefixes in the previous table. These entries are sometimes termed the roots for the number of C atoms.

17. Names for organic compounds break up into two groups:

18. Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial)

19. Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial) Systematic (This will be our focus, though some of the common names will be mentioned.)

20. Names for organic compounds break up into two groups: Non-systematic (trivial) Systematic (This will be our focus, though some of the common names will be mentioned.) Example: H2O The non-systematic name is water. The systematic name is dihydrogen oxide.

21. Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4

22. Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4 O 2 N 3

23. Number of bonds For the following atoms the typical number of bonds from each atom is as follows: AtomNumber of bonds H 1 C 4 O 2 N 3 (Note: there are exceptions)

24. The Alkanes

25. The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family.

26. The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family. Many other names are based on the names used for this group of compounds.

27. The Alkanes As far as naming is concerned, the alkanes are the top priority family. Many other names are based on the names used for this group of compounds. The alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2where n = 1, 2, 3, ….

28. FormulaName CH4 methane

29. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane

30. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane

31. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane

32. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane

33. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane

34. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane

35. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane

36. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3nonane

37. FormulaName CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3CH2CH2CH3 butane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3pentane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3hexane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3heptane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3octane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3nonane CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 decane

38. Formula Name CH4 methane

39. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane

40. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane

41. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane

42. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane

43. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane

44. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane

45. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane

46. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane CH3(CH2)7CH3 nonane

47. Formula Name CH4 methane CH3CH3 ethane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptane CH3(CH2)6CH3 octane CH3(CH2)7CH3 nonane CH3(CH2)8CH3 decane

48. Alkyl groups

49. Alkyl groups Formula Name

50. Alkyl groups Formula Name CH3 methyl