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Internet Protocol

Internet Protocol. 課程: IP Telephony 指導老師:吳坤熹 學生:林易瑋. Outline. OSI – Leary 3 Network IP Header IP Addressing 1.Class : Subnet, Subnet Mask 2.Classless : Supernet IP Routing 1.Routing 2.Routing Table. OSI - Leary 3 Network. Addressing: 賦予網路裝置名稱或位址。 Routing:

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Internet Protocol

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  1. Internet Protocol 課程:IP Telephony 指導老師:吳坤熹 學生:林易瑋

  2. Outline • OSI – Leary 3 Network • IP Header • IP Addressing 1.Class : Subnet, Subnet Mask 2.Classless : Supernet • IP Routing 1.Routing 2.Routing Table

  3. OSI - Leary 3 Network • Addressing: 賦予網路裝置名稱或位址。 • Routing: 決定封包在網路之間的傳送路徑。

  4. TCP/IP - IP(Internet Protocol) • IP封包的傳送 Addressing Routing • IP封包的切割與重組 Ethernet:1500 Bytes FDDI:4352 Bytes ATM:9180 Bytes

  5. IPv4 Header

  6. IP Address (1) • Network ID 位於IP位址的前段,可用來識別所屬網路。 • Host ID 位於IP位址的後段,可用來識別個別裝置。

  7. IP Address (2) • Class A (Range 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x) ※127 for loopback • Class B (Range 128.x.x.x to 191.x.x.x) • Class C (Range 192.x.x.x to 223.x.x.x)

  8. Private IP Address • Class A : 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 • Class B : 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 • Class C : 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

  9. IP封包傳送模式 • Unicast 一對一模式,大多數的封包都是Unicast。 • Broadcast 對一個LAN內的所有電腦(Host ID全為1)。 • Multicast 對一個群組的電腦(224開頭)。

  10. Subnet (1) • 源由: 為了增加使用上的彈性、管理性。 • 作法: 1.確定需要多少個子網路。 2.確定每個子網路包含多少部主機。 3.從主機位址借出合適的子網路位址。

  11. Subnet (2) • Class B : (Network) (Host) 10101000 01011111 00000000 00000000 • Subnet (3Bits): (Network) (Host) 10101000 01011111 0000000000000000 (Subnet)

  12. Subnet Mask • 32Bits • Continuous IP Class B (168.95.0.0): 10101000 01011111 0000000000000000 Subnet Mask (255.255.224.0): 11111111 1111111111100000 00000000

  13. Supernet • Classless Inter-Domain Routing IP Class C (203.74.200.0): 11001011 01001010 11001000 00000000 Subnet Mask (255.255.248.0): 11111111 11111111 11111000 00000000

  14. IP Routing (1) • Router的特性: 1.具有兩個以上的網路介面。 2.能解讀封包在OSI模型Leary 3層之資訊。 3.具有Routing Table。 • IP封包傳送方式: 1.直接傳遞 2.間接傳遞

  15. IP Routing (2)

  16. Routing Table • Network Destination • Netmask • Gateway • Interface • Metric

  17. Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 203.74.205.0 255.255.255.0 203.74.205.1 203.74.205.1 1 203.74.206.0 255.255.255.0 203.74.206.1 203.74.206.1 1 203.74.207.0 255.255.255.0 203.74.207.1 203.74.207.1 1 203.74.208.0 255.255.255.0 203.74.206.2 203.74.206.1 2

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