Classification
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Presentation Transcript
Classification Grouping & Identifying Living Things This Powerpoint is hosted on www.worldofteaching.com Please visit for 100’s more free powerpoints
Why classify? • Think of three examples where we group things. • Why do we group these things?
Classifying Living Things • We put livings things into • Animals
Animals • Animals are spilt into two major groups: • Vertebrates • Invertebrates
Vertebrates • These are animals with a backbone. • There are five groups of vertebrates: • Amphibians • Birds • Fish • Mammals • Reptiles
Amphibians • Have smooth moist skin • Lay jelly coated eggs in water • Lives on land and water • Ectotherms
Birds • Have feathers and hollow bones • Lay hard shelled eggs • Endotherms
Fish • Have wet scales • Lay jelly-coated eggs in water • Breathes with gills • Ectotherms
Mammals • Have hair and produce milk • Give birth to live offspring (no eggs) • Endotherms
Reptiles • Have scales • Lay leathery shelled eggs • Ectotherms
Invertebrates • These are animals without a backbone • There are eight groups of invertebrates • Molluscs • Flatworms • Annelids • Roundworms • Sponges • Echinoderms • Cnidarians • Arthropods
Some molluscs (gastropods) crawl on a single fleshy pad. Ex. Snails, slugs, conchs. Some molluscs may burrow through or attach to a base (bi-valves) clams, oysters, mussels, brachiopod (extinct). Some molluscs swim (cephalopod). Most have a hard shell, but some do not (slugs, octopuses) Molluscs
Flatworms • Have flat worm like bodies • Tapeworms and flukes
Annelids • Have round worm-like bodies • Have bodies divided into segments with bristles or hairs (setae) • Earthworms • Have 5 hearts and no eyes • Gizzard for digestion • Breathe through their skin • Clitellum – contains both male and female organs. Babies form in internal cocoons.
Annelids • Have round worm like bodies • Have bodies divided into segments
Roundworms • Have long thin round worm like bodies. • Have bodies with no segments. • Are parasites. • Hook worm, trichinosis,
Sponges (porifera) • Simplest multi-cellular animal. • Have bodies made of loosely joined cells • Filter feeders • Skeleton is made of needle-like fibers called spicules. • Most are hermaphrodites, reproduce by releasing small planktonic larvae.
Echinoderms • Have radial symmetry. • Appendages usually occur in fives. • Have spiny outer covering • Can regenerate limbs • They eat by pulling apart bivalves with its suction-cup tube feet, and then it inverts its own stomach out of its mouth and surrounds its meal
Cnidarians • Have radial symmetry • Have thin sack like bodies • Have tentacles with stinging cells to trap their prey. • Two body types: • Polyp (corals and anemonies) where tentacles and mouth face up. • Medussa (jellyfish) tentacles and mouth face down.
Arthropods • Have lots of legs and segmented bodies. • Have exoskeletons. • There are four group of arthropods: • Arachnids • Centipedes & Millipedes • Crustaceans • Insects
Arthropods - Arachnid • Include spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites. • Have four pair of legs and bodies divided into two sections • Cephalothorax • Abdomen • Have chelicerae for feeding and defense. • Eat by injecting poison into the prey and sucking out materials.
Arthropods – Myriapoda • Have long thin bodies and pairs of legs on each of their many body sections. • Have a “myriad” of legs. • Centipedes are fast, venomous and predatory. One pair of legs per segment. • Millipedes are slower, and eat leaf litter (detritus). Two pair of legs per segment.
Arthropods - Crustacean • Include crabs, lobsters, shrimp, krill, barnacles and crayfish. • Have more than four pairs of legs • First pair often used as pincers. • Most have 3 body parts – head, thorax, and abdomen. • Although some have a cephalothorax.
Arthropods - Insects • Bodies divided into three sections • Head, thorax, and abdomen. • Have three pairs of legs on thorax. • May have wings on the thorax. • Often have wings. • Have compound eyes – can see almost all around themselves. • Go through metamorphosis.
Metamorphosis • Incomplete metamorphosis. • Change by molting. • Egg Nymph Adult. • Complete metamorposis. • Egg Larva Pupa Adult.
