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Browser, Server, URL, and Cookies in the World Wide Web

This chapter explores the architecture of the World Wide Web, including the components of a browser and a server, the function of the URL and cookies, and how HTTP accesses data on the WWW. It also discusses the different types of web documents: static, dynamic, and active.

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Browser, Server, URL, and Cookies in the World Wide Web

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  1. Chapter 22 World Wide Web:HTTP Objectives Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand the components of a browser and a server • Understand the function of the URL and cookies • Understand how HTML is related to static documents • Understand how CGI is related to dynamic documents • Understand how Java is related to active documents • Know how HTTP accesses data on the WWW TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  2. 22.1 ARCHITECTURE The WWW is a distributed client-server service, in which a client using a browser can access a service using a server. The service provided is distributed over many locations called sites. The topics discussed in this section include: Client (Browser) Server Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Cookies TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  3. Figure 22.1Architecture of WWW TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  4. Figure 22.2Browser TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  5. Figure 22.3URL TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  6. 22.2 WEB DOCUMENTS The documents in the WWW can be grouped into three broad categories: static, dynamic, and active. The category is based on the time the contents of the document are determined. The topics discussed in this section include: Static Documents Dynamic Documents Active Documents TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  7. Figure 22.4Static document TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  8. Figure 22.5Boldface tags TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  9. Figure 22.6Effect of boldface tags TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  10. Figure 22.7Beginning and ending tags TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  11. Figure 22.8Dynamic document using CGI TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  12. Figure 22.9Dynamic document using server-site script TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  13. Note: Dynamic documents are sometimes referred to as server-site dynamic documents. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  14. Figure 22.10Active document using Java applet TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  15. Figure 22.11Active document using client-site script TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  16. Note: Active documents are sometimes referred to as client-site dynamic documents. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  17. 22.3 HTTP The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol used mainly to access data on the World Wide Web. HTTP functions like a combination of FTP and SMTP. The topics discussed in this section include: HTTP Transaction Persistent versus Nonpersistent Connection Proxy Server TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  18. Note: HTTP uses the services of TCP on well-known port 80. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  19. Figure 22.12HTTP transaction TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  20. Figure 22.13Request and response messages TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  21. Figure 22.14Request and status lines TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  22. Table 22.1 Methods TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  23. Table 22.2 Status codes TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  24. Table 22.2 Status codes (continued) TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  25. Figure 22.15Header format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  26. Table 22.3 General headers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  27. Table 22.4 Request headers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  28. Table 22.5 Response headers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  29. Table 22.6 Entity headers TCP/IP Protocol Suite

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