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Chapter 3 – Elements, Mixtures & Compounds

This chapter explores the fundamental concepts of elements, mixtures, and compounds in chemistry. It defines pure substances and their unique properties, detailing how elements can’t be separated into simpler substances. The chapter also covers the classification of substances into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their properties. It explains compounds as substances formed from two or more elements, which can only be separated through chemical changes. Finally, the characteristics of mixtures, solutions, suspensions, and the techniques for separating mixtures are discussed, highlighting their significance in daily life.

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Chapter 3 – Elements, Mixtures & Compounds

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  1. Chapter 3 – Elements, Mixtures & Compounds

  2. Chapter 3 – Section 1 • _____________= pure substance that can not be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means • ______ ________________= only one type of particle

  3. Each element has unique properties that allow us to identify them • Physical properties that help us identify: D__________, M____, B____, or H_________ (called ______________ __________ of matter) • Also chemical properties

  4. Elements put into groups, whether or not they share enough common properties. • If you know what category something is found in, then you should know some properties of that substance.

  5. Metals - ____________ - good conductors of e________ and t_________ ___________ - __________________ - _____________ - many uses throughout daily life

  6. Nonmetals - ________ - ______ conductors - _____________ - ___________________ - not very common

  7. Metalloids (aka Semiconductors) - properties of _________ - some are shiny / some dull - ___________ malleable and ductile - Silicon, Antimony & Boron

  8. Section 2 - Compounds • Compounds = _______ ______________ composed of 2 or more elements that have been _______________ ______________ (C&C) - they must undergo a chemical change - Not random; specific ratio of components - Unique set of properties that are different from the elements’ properties

  9. Can be broken down into simpler substances (elements) • ONLY through chemical changes NOT physical changes • Compounds are everywhere • P__________ = found in many things, so vital to life • _______ or _________is a compound • Manufactured compounds help many things

  10. Examples of compounds?

  11. Section 3 - Mixtures • Mixture = combo of two or more substances that are NOT __________ _______________ - Substances retain _______________ - Can be _________________ separated - Examples = distillation, magnet, or centrifuge - No ____________ _________

  12. Solution = a mixture that appears as one single substance, but is composed of two or more that are evenly distributed (homogenous) - __________ = substance dissolved - __________ = the substance in which the solute is dissolved - Soluble vs Insoluble - Particles are extremely small, never settle out nor filter out

  13. ____________= Amount of solute in a solvent - Acid example - Concentrated or Dilute - Saturatedvs Unsaturated

  14. Solubility = Amount of _________needed to make a saturated solution, using a given amount of _____________ - Methods to dissolve faster 1) M_______ 2) C_________ 3) H__________

  15. Suspensions = mixture in which particles are dispersed, but DO settle out - Particles are_____________ • ________________= mixture in which particles are dispersed, but do NOT settle out - Well mixed and small particles - Examples = Milk, mayonnaise, stick deodorant, gelatin & whipped cream - Large enough to scatter light - No filtration

  16. Pictures • http://universe-review.ca/I13-14-sulfur.jpg • http://www.sciencewithmrmilstid.com/wp-content/uploads/nonmetal_elements.jpg • http://www.myhrsb.ca/Functions/Program/Static/Curriculum/eng/science/9/images/ClassroomPicsGifs/SixMetals.JPG • http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1215SP2000/Lecture/Chapter4/Lec2113.gif • http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/img/cache/bcb9b8db117ee64376aedaf7af3595ca/sevenlayer-2-51908.jpg • http://z.about.com/d/chemistry/1/G/y/P/nitrogen.jpg • http://z.about.com/d/chemistry/1/G/Z/Q/tellurium.jpg • www.sciencewithmrmilstid.com/?p=88 • http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/images/object_images/535x535/10312970.jpg • http://www.britishsugar.co.uk/IsolatedStorage/94175874-67b5-4c33-9f38-380233f14049/ContentAssets/Images/Our%20Products/Liquid%20Sugars/Inverts/Dolly%20mixtures%20web.jpg • http://www.thenutfactory.com/photos/mixtures-swiss.jpg • http://shawn-king.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/fruitsalad.jpeg • http://wwwsci.seastarchemicals.com/images/faq_co3.jpg • http://www.kraftfoods.com/assets/recipe_images/KOOL-AID_Punch_c.jpg • http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_03_img0145.jpg • http://depts.washington.edu/chem/courses/labs/142labs/images/IMG_5086.jpg • http://z.about.com/d/candleandsoap/1/0/6/E/P1010327.JPG • http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/upload/thumb/1/1c/180px-WaterAndFlourSuspensionLiquid.jpg • http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Italian_dressing.jpg • http://boomeria.org/chemlectures/solutions/colloids.jpg

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