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Digestion, micronutritients , macronutritients

This comprehensive overview explores the critical functions of macronutrients and micronutrients in digestion and overall health. Macronutrients, including proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, are required in large amounts and provide energy. In contrast, micronutrients, such as vitamins and trace minerals, are needed in smaller quantities and serve crucial roles as co-factors and prosthetic groups for enzymes. We examine the consequences of deficiencies in these nutrients, highlighting conditions like anemia, goitre, and scurvy, and the importance of vitamins like B12 and C in enzymatic processes.

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Digestion, micronutritients , macronutritients

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  1. Digestion, micronutritients, macronutritients

  2. Energy values

  3. Oxidation numbers? Howmanybondsbetweencarbon and oxygen?

  4. Micronutritients • Substancesrequired in small amounts, mg or mg • Functions as co-factor/prosteticgroups of enzymes • Vitamins, trace minerals (Fe, Cu, F, Zn, I, Se, Mn, Mo, Cr, Co, B)

  5. Enzyme (protein): succinatdehydrogenase Prostethic group: vitamin B12

  6. Water-soluble vitamins (B- and C) Vitamin C, ascorbicacid Vitamin B1, thiamine Vitamin B2, riboflavine Vitamin B3, niacine

  7. Macronutritients • Substancesrequired in largeamounts • Proteins, fats, carbohydrates • Minerals (Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S, Cl)

  8. Diseases from deficiency in • Fe- anameia (anemi) • I- goitre(struma) • Vitamin A- xerophtalmia (night blindness) • Vitamin B3- pellagra • Vitamin B1- berberi • Vitamin D- rickets (rakitis) • Vitamin C- scurvy (skörbjugg) • Protein- marasmus and kwashiorkor (undernäring)

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