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The Aztec

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  1. The Aztec Diego Rivera mural, La Gran Tenochtitlàn

  2. Chichimeca Migration • Came from Aztlàn • Chichimecas first left in 900 CE

  3. Aztec Empire • Mexica migrated to Lake Texcoco in 1325 CE • Worshipped Huitzilopchtli • 200,000 – 700,000 people in Tenochtitlàn

  4. Tenochtitlàn • Aztec capital, founded in 1325 CE

  5. Chinampas “Floating Gardens”

  6. Pulque

  7. Aztec Society • Highly stratified • Elites were 5 – 10% of population • Macehualtin = Peasants + Artisans • Slaves = 5% of Tenochtitlàn

  8. Gender Differences • Umbilical cord of girls = under the house • Umbilical cord of boys = given to warriors • Sweeping as a spiritual task

  9. Tribute • Once or twice per year • Clothing, maize, animals, stones, jewelry

  10. Religion • Ometeotl = “Two God” mother/father to all gods • Texcatlipoca = “Smoking Mirror,” supreme power • Xochiquetzal = (Goddess) Pregnancy, weaving • Tlazolteotl = (Goddess) Carnal love, sin, filth • Mixcoatl = Patron of Chichimecas • Huitzilopochtli = War & sun • Quetzalcoatl = Wind • Tlaloc = Rain

  11. Death • Mictlan • Dog as “soul companion” • 4 years of wandering • Cremation vs. burial • Mummies

  12. Cihuateteo • “The Divine Women” • Goddesses who died during childbirth • Accompany the sun from zenith to sunset

  13. Moctezuma • Became Aztec emperor in 1500 • Waited for return of Quetzalcoatl

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