Chapter 3:

1. Chapter 3: Life in the Eastern Hemisphere

2. 1.Who went to China to bring back trade goods? Marco Polo

3. 2. Emperor- ruler of an empire.

4. 3. To what did China owe its wealth? The Chinese learned how to make silk cloth from silkworms. Over the years the demand for silk grew, and silk became worth its weight in gold.

5. 4. The Silk Road connected China and other lands.

6. 5. What was the Silk Road? A network of land and sea routes for trading.

7. 6. Marco Polo’s journey made people in both Europe and Asia wanted to know more about each other.

8. 7. What was the mission of Zheng He’s fleet? To expand Chinese trade and to show their power.

9. 8. Magnetic Compass- tool used by sailors to determine their direction at sea.

10. 9. The growing demands for Chinese trade goods was one of the results of what? Zheng He’s voyages

11. 10. What were three effects of trade? 1. People learned about other cultures. 2. People shared goods and ideas with others on different continents. 3. People became interested in others and their customs.

12. 11. Caravan- group of traders traveling together.

13. 12. What is a caravan, and for what purpose did caravans cross the Sahara? A caravan is a group of traders traveling together. Caravans were used to bring goods to and from the lands of West Africa.

14. 13. What was the name of the major trading center known as a “land of gold?” Ghana

15. 14. In Ghana, what was often traded for gold? Salt

16. 15. Going southward across the Sahara describes the route that many early trade caravans took in Africa.

17. 16. What do the Chinese people, the kingdom of Ghana, and caravans have in common? • All were involved in traveling great distances to exchange goods with people of other cultures.

18. 17. What two items were exchanged between the Europeans and North America? Cloth and horses.

19. 18. Under Mansa Musa’s rule, the Mali reached what? Its peak as an empire.

20. 19. Pilgrimage- journey taken for religious reasons.

21. 20. What was the effect of Mansa Musa ‘s pilgrimage to Mecca? Stronger trade ties between Mali and other Muslim nations.

22. 21. What important events occurred during Mansa Musa’s reign as king? List the events in the order that they occurred. Mansa Musa went on a pilgrimage to Mecca. This journey strengthened ties between Mali and other Muslim nations. Timbuktu became a center of learning. Then he ordered the construction of the Great Mosque.

23. 22. What was the similarity between the two African kingdoms Mali and Songhai? They both became wealthy from trading with Ghana.

24. 23. Astrolabe- tool that used the sun and stars to find a location based on its distance from the equator.

25. 24. Why did the Vikings leave the area that we know as Newfoundland? There were conflicts with the American Indians living there.

26. 25. Saga- long spoken tale repeated from one generation to the next.

27. 26. What was the Renaissance and why was it important? The Renaissance began around 1350. It marked a new beginning in arts and sciences and an interest in learning more about the world. There were advances in printing and ship design and building. New ideas could spread more quickly.

28. 27. Renaissance- period of time that marked a new beginning in arts and sciences and a desire to learn more about the world.

29. 28. Navigation- science sailors use to plot their course and find their location far from land.

30. 29. What was the effect of improved methods of navigation for the Portuguese in the 1420s? Improved navigation methods resulted in successful journeys that mapped much of the coast of Africa. Portugal’s ships also began bringing home African gold and slaves.

31. 30. Slave Trade- buying and selling of human beings.

32. 31. The Portuguese benefited from the exploration of the coast of Africa by bringing home gold and slaves.

33. 32. What effect did European ocean trade routes have? Lasting contact between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.