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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Measurement. Learning Objectives. Understand . . . The distinction between measuring objects, properties, and indicants of properties. The similarities and differences between the four scale types used in measurement and when each is used.

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Measurement

  2. Learning Objectives Understand . . . • The distinction between measuring objects, properties, and indicants of properties. • The similarities and differences between the four scale types used in measurement and when each is used. • The four major sources of measurement error. • The criteria for evaluating good measurement.

  3. Measurement Selecting measurable phenomena Developing a set of mapping rules Applying the mapping rule to each phenomenon

  4. Characteristics of Measurement

  5. Levels of Measurement Nominal Classification Ordinal interval Ratio

  6. Types of Scales Nominal Ordinal interval Ratio

  7. Nominal Scales • Mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories • Exhibits the classificationcharacteristic only

  8. Levels of Measurement Nominal Classification Ordinal Classification Order interval Ratio

  9. Ordinal Scales • Characteristics of nominal scale plus an indication of order • Implies statement of greater than and less than

  10. Levels of Measurement Nominal Classification Ordinal Classification Order interval Classification Distance Order Ratio

  11. Interval Scales • Characteristics of nominal and ordinal scales plus the concept of equality of interval. • Equal distance exists between numbers

  12. Levels of Measurement Nominal Classification Ordinal Classification Order interval Classification Distance Order Ratio Classification Distance Order Natural Origin

  13. Ratio Scales • Characteristics of previous scales plus an absolute zero point • Examples • Weight • Height • Number of children

  14. Moving from Investigative to Measurement Questions

  15. Sources of Error Respondent Situation Measurer Instrument

  16. Validity Reliability Practicality Evaluating Measurement Tools Criteria

  17. Validity Determinants Content Criterion Construct

  18. Increasing Content Validity Content Literature Search Etc. Expert Interviews Question Database Group Interviews

  19. Validity Determinants Content Construct

  20. Increasing Construct Validity New measure of trust Known measure of trust Empathy Credibility

  21. Validity Determinants Content Criterion Construct

  22. JudgingCriterion Validity Relevance Criterion Freedom from bias Reliability Availability

  23. Understanding Validity and Reliability

  24. Reliability Estimates Stability Internal Consistency Equivalence

  25. Reliability Estimates Stability Internal Consistency Equivalence

  26. Reliability Estimates Stability Internal Consistency Equivalence

  27. Reliability Estimates Stability Internal Consistency Equivalence

  28. Practicality Economy Convenience Interpretability

  29. Internal validity Interval scale Mapping rules Measurement Nominal scale Objects Ordinal scale Practicality Properties Ratio scale Reliability Equivalence Internal consistency Stability Validity Construct Contents Criterion-related Key Terms

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