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Exploring Species Classification in the Animal Kingdom

Understand the concept of species and how they are classified in the vast array of living things. Learn about grouping species hierarchically from Kingdom to Class, based on evolutionary lineage and genetic differences. Explore the diverse classes of vertebrates, such as bony fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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Exploring Species Classification in the Animal Kingdom

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  1. CLASSIFICATION Making sense of the vast array of living things

  2. SPECIES What is a species? A group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

  3. Naming Species • Binomial System • Two words, first word is Genus (always capitalized) • Second word is specific epithet (always in lower case) • Put both words in italics (or underline) • Example: Homo sapiens = human

  4. Grouping Species: hierarchical • Species are grouped into Genera. • Genera are grouped into Families. • Families are grouped into Orders • Orders are grouped into Classes. • Classes are grouped into Phyla (called Divisions in plants). • Phyla are grouped into Kingdoms. Based on evolutionary lineage

  5. Evolutionary lineage based on differences in one gene

  6. Grouping Species: hierarchical Coyote example Kingdom (Animalia) • Phylum (Chordata) • Class (Mammalia) • Order (Carnivora) • Family (Canidae) • Genus (Canis) • Species (Canis latrans) KingPhillipCameOverFromGermanySmiling

  7. Domains/Kingdoms • Bacteria • Archaea • Eucarya • Protists • Fungi • Plants • Animals

  8. Class Arachnida: arachnids 1-2 body parts, 8 legs, no antennae spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites Class Insecta: insects 3 body parts, 6 legs, 2 antennae Flies, ants, beetles, etc. Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Arthropoda

  9. Phylum Chordata:named for the notochord which is a flexible support rod that occurs sometime in the life of all chordates (this is replaced by the backbone in vertebrates) • Below are the vertebrate classes we will study • Class Osteichthyes: bony fish • Class Amphibia: amphibians: frogs, salamanders • Class Reptilia: reptiles: turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles • Class Aves: birds • Class Mammalia: mammals

  10. Fish? Ichthyology Amphibians? Herpetology Reptiles? Herpetology Insects? Entomology Birds? Ornithology Mammals? Mammalogy Sciences of the Vertebrates

  11. BEETLES! Order Level Animal Diversity 33% of all animals are what? 33%

  12. INSECTS! Class Level Animal Diversity 74% of all animals are what? 74%

  13. Animal Diversity 86% of all animals are what? 86% ARTHROPODS Phylum Level Insects, Spiders, Scorpions, Crustaceans, etc.

  14. VERTEBRATES Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals Animal Diversity About 4% of all animals are what? 4%

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