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Manifest Destiny and Westward Expansion (1830-1845)

Manifest Destiny and Westward Expansion (1830-1845). J.A.SACCO. “Manifest Destiny”. American Progress” by John Gast, 1872. “ Manifest Destiny”. First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845.

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Manifest Destiny and Westward Expansion (1830-1845)

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  1. Manifest Destiny and Westward Expansion (1830-1845) J.A.SACCO

  2. “Manifest Destiny” American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

  3. “Manifest Destiny” • First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. • ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federaltive development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth." • A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure emerged.

  4. Manifest Destiny “Manifest Destiny” Sen. Thomas Corwin Pres. James K. Polk Costs? Benefits? Primary Sources?

  5. Manifest Destiny had an immense impact on theexpansion of the U.S. . Oregon California Texas Caused the start of the Mexican War and gained the SW of the U.S.. “Manifest Destiny” Conestoga Wagon

  6. Early Settlement of the West The first Americans attracted to the west were Mountain MenlikeJedediah Smithwho blazed trails across the Sierra Nevada into California. The Mountain Men crossed the Rockies seeking beaver pelts. They established fur trading routeslater followed by wagon trains of settlers. Established the “rendezvous system” to trade their goods.

  7. Early Settlement of the West During the 1840s, 20,000 Americans migrated to Oregon, Utah, and Californiaby covered wagon. In 1836, the missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitmanestablished a trading post on what became the Oregon Trail. Many were attracted to Oregon’s Willamette Valley. In 1842, John C. Freemontled an expedition following trails blazed by the Whitmans and the Mountain Men. His reports attracted settlers.

  8. Overland Immigration to the West • Between 1840 and 1860, more than250,000 people made the trekwestward.

  9. Oregon jointly occupied by U.S. and G.B. since 1818. Fur trade carried on by both countries. G.B. claim based on 18th century exploration of Capt. Cook. Establish early British fur trade on Columbia R. U.S. claim from exploration of Lewis and Clark in 1804. John Jacob Astor establish early fur trade in 1811 along Columbia River. “Onward to Oregon”

  10. Why Oregon? Manifest Destiny- Propaganda of expansionist like Hall J. Kelley who organized a society for the settlement of Oregon. Missionaries- Marcus/Narcissa Whitman reports of climate/soil suitable for farming Oregon Trail would eventually make the journey possible Foreclosure of farms because of the Panic of 1837 “Onward to Oregon”

  11. The Oregon Dispute: 54° 40’ or Fight! • By the mid-1840s,“Oregon Fever” wasspurred on by thepromise of free land. • The joint British-U. S.occupation ended in1846. Americans want entire region to 54° 40’. • Polk not wiling to fight Br. Already involved with Mexico • Eventually divide Oregon at 49th parallel

  12. The Oregon Dispute: 54° 40’ or Fight! • What effect did the decision of President Polk not to go to war against Britain have on the Democratic Party?

  13. Trails Westward Dangers along the Trail?

  14. The Doomed Donner Party April, 1846 – April, 1847

  15. The Doomed Donner Party CANNIBALISM ! ! Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen • Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California! James Reed & Wife

  16. The Great Southwest and California The Great Southwest • Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821- 80,000 Mexicans in region • By 1830- Mexico begins to encourage trade with United States over Santa Fe Trail. • American goods traded for Mexican horses, mules, beaver pelts and silver. William Becknell (1821) first in area.

  17. The Great Southwest and California • New England merchants carry goods all the way around South America to San Francisco for animal hides produced by “californios” ranchers. Trade a trickle in 1820’s and 1830’s. • What event created the mad rush to California in the 1840’s? California

  18. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848 John A. Sutter

  19. California Gold Rush, 1849 49er’s

  20. Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s • By 1860, almost 300,000people had traveled theOregon & CaliforniaTrails to the Pacificcoast.

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